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1、英语学习理论复习题1. It is necessary to choose between formed-based and meaning-based instruction. Do you agree with the views ? State your idea.I dont think it is necessary to choose between the two instructions.Form-based instruction refers to the instruction which draws attention to the forms and structur
2、es of the language within the context of communicative interaction. This may be done by giving metalinguistic information, simply highlighting the form in question or by providing corrective feedback. While meaning-based instruction is mainly used in communicative language teaching. This approach to
3、 teaching emphasizes the communication of meaning over the practice and manipulation of grammatical forms, because successful language learning involves not only a knowledge of the structures and forms of a language, but also the functions and purposes that a language serves in different communicati
4、ve settings.In my opinion, there is no definitely separation between the two instructions, so we cant generally definite which of the instructions is superior to the other.As we all know, when teaching a second language, we often combine different approaches together to make our lessons more affecti
5、vely, as language learning is affected by many factors，. That means there is more than one method that can be used to achieve a better understanding of a second language to be taught. We teachers cant decide a certain way according our own preference to direct our students. In fact, in my daily teac
6、hing, I usually choose different methods to deal with different items to be taught. For instance, when I deal with language points, I usually use the form-based instruction to introduce the grammar items to my students. I even use necessary Chinese to analyze the language points for them if the item
7、s are difficult for my students to understand well. But when I help my students to practise their speaking, I seldom give them form-based instructions. Instead, I ignore their tiny mistakes in the structure of the language and just give them hint to let them pay attention to some serious mistakes, s
8、o that the students can have enough courage to express themselves and communicate with each other. In such circumstance, meaning-based instruction is more acceptable.In short, both form-based and meaning-based instructions are common and basic methods used in second language teaching, each of them h
9、as a better effect in dealing with different teaching materials and aims. There is no need for to choose from the two.2. What are the significance and weak points for UG theory for language learning ? Please use one concrete example to illustrate how UG relates to the problem of language learning ?U
10、G refers to Universal Grammar. It has replaced the earlier term LAD in work based on Chomskys theory of language acquisition. Its considered to consist of a set of principles which are common to all languages. If children are pre-equipped with UG, then what they have to learn is the ways in which th
11、eir own language makes use of these principles and the variations on those principles which may exist in the particular language which they hear spoken around them. Children seem to develop language in similar ways and on a similar schedule, in a way not very different from the way all children lear
12、n to walk. Innate knowledge of the principles of UG permits all children to acquire the language of their environment, during a critical period in their development.UG is a good framework for understanding first language acquisition, and in some linguists opinion, it also offers the best perspective
13、 from which to understand second language learning although Chomsky has not made specific claims about the implications of his theory for second language learning.But on the other hand, some linguists argue that UG is no longer available to guide the acquisition of a second language acquisition. Bes
14、ides, adult second language learners can not benefit from UG.Though a variety of different theories might be sufficient to explain some early language performance, UG is necessary to explain learners knowledge of complex syntax. Researchers working with the UG framework find out that even if second
15、language learners begin learning the second language after the end of the critical period and even if many fail to achieve complete mastery of the target language, there is still a logical problem of (second) language acquisition: learners eventually know more about the language than they are expose
16、d to. They infer from this that UG must be available to second language learners as well as to first language learners. The nature and availability of UG in SLA is no different from that which is hypothesized to guide first language learners. I think this example can illustrate how UG relates to the problem of language learning3. What do you think are the most important personality factors which contribute to success in L2 learning ?We all
