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1、作文必备一评分标准2分 条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大局部句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分 根本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。8分 根本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。11分 切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分 切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，根本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。字数缺乏应酌情扣分(注: 白卷/作文与题目毫不相关/ 或只有几个孤立的词汇而无法表达思想,那么给0分)字数缺乏应酌情扣分:字数110-119100-10990-9980-8970-7960-6950-5949
2、扣分12345679( 注: 1. 如题目中给出主题句,起始句, 结束句,均不计入所写字数 2. 规定的内容没写全者,按比列扣分 3. 如果扣为0分, 要慎重处理)二写作思路三段落特点英语文章段落结构一般有三局部构成：主题句+扩展句+结尾句四写作原那么一长短句原那么 第一段开头用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体局部，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体局部妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 二主题句原那么特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！ To begin with， you must work hard at your lessons
3、 and be fully prepared before the exam主题句。 Without sufficient preparation， you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. 三一二三原那么1to start with， next， in addition， finally强烈推荐2to begin with， then， furthermore， finally强烈推荐 3first and foremost， besides， last but not least强烈推荐4on the one
4、hand， on the other hand适用于两点的情况 5for one thing， for another thing适用于两点的情况 四短语优先原那么 其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点其二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个方法！I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it. I want it. 可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it. 五多实少虚原那么 比方我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous，humorous， interesti
5、ng， smart， gentle， warm-hearted， hospital 之类的形象词。再比方： 走出房间，的词是：walk out of the room 但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room 小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room 老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room 六多变句式原那么 1加法串联 2转折拐弯抹角 The car was quite old， yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin， but it was warm.3
6、因果so， so， so 更多短语： then， therefore， consequently， accordingly， hence， as a result， for this，reason， so that 4失衡句头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重举例：This is what I can do. Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分： When to go， Why he goes away 5插入语多此一举The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of
7、 mine. 6排比排山倒海句We have got to study hard， to enlarge our scope of knowledge， to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.七挑战极限原那么 特殊句式和结构的运用The weather being fine，a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.五写后修改在学习写作段落和篇章之前，首先应该学习如何写好句子。一篇文章写好之后也要着重看看语法是否正确，句式是否完整，表达是否简洁。下面从句子层面看
8、看写好文章之后该如何修改。1语法知识a. There be 结构 考生病句：1. There are many people like to go to the movies.2. There are different kinds of vegetables can be bought on the market by people.正确表达：1. There are many people who like to go to the movies.2. There are different kinds of vegetables that people can buy on the ma
9、rket.这两个例句的错误比拟有普遍性，因为在历次考试中有不少考生不能正确运用there be这一最常用的句式。在这种结构中，there是引导词，没有实际意义。be在句中作谓语，有时态和数的变化。b. 比拟结构 考生病句：1. Comparing with the bike, the car runs much faster.2. The climate in Walton is colder than other cities.正确表达：1. Compared with the bike, the car runs much faster.2. The climate in Walton i
10、s colder than that of other cities.评议与分析：许多考生在作文中用compare或than表示比拟，但相当多的表达有误。在例1中，对两个事物进行比拟的句式为Compared with A, B., 只能用compare的过去分词，不能用现在分词，因为B是分词的逻辑主语，只能被比拟。在例2中，考生误将天气与城市进行比拟，而二者没有可比性，只有将后者改为其他城市的天气才符合逻辑，很显然，考生的错误是受了汉语表达习惯的影响。c. 含有it的结构 考生病句：1. As is known to all of us that science and technology
11、play an important role in the development of society.2. It is known to us, practice makes perfect.正确表达：1. It is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the development of society. (或:As is known to all of us, science.)2. It is known to us that practice makes perfect.
12、 (或:As is known to us, practice.)评议与分析：很显然，两个考生混淆了it和as的用法。如果用it作形式主语，后面的主语从句必须由that引起；如果用as，那么后面不能用that，因为as是关系代词，代表practice makes perfect。2意思完整英语中完整的句子通常必须具备两个根本条件:1.表示一个完整的意思;2. 至少包括主语和谓语两个局部(祈使句除外).如果将句子的一局部当作一个完整的句子,就会导致非完整句.非完整句缺少主语或谓语局部,因而不能表示完整的意思.其错误通常有下面几种情况:a.将从句当作句子 (误)I would never forg
13、et the day. When my mother sent me to the village school. (正)I would never forget the day When my mother sent me to the village school. (误)If there is a ball game on television. Dad does not like us to watch our programs. (正)If there is a ball game on television, Dad does not like us to watch our pr
14、ograms. b.将同位语当作句子 (误)Do you want to meet Alice? The smartest and pretest girl in our school. (正)Do you want to meet Alice, the smartest and pretest girl in our school. (误)New problems face the woman entering collage. Such as budgeting her money and time for study. (正)New problems face the woman ent
15、ering collage, such as budgeting her money and time for study. c.将短语当作句子 (误)With 7000 undergraduates and nearly 1000 postgraduates. Our university has become rather crowded. (正)With 7000 undergraduates and nearly 1000 postgraduates, our university has become rather crowded. (误)Women and small children in the hall. (正)There are a large number of women and small children in the hall.(误)
