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1、2022年考博英语-山东大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The career I have chosen（ ）opportunities yet it is fraught with heartbreak, despair and hardship.问题1选项A.is laden withB.is lack ofC.is burdened withD.is in want of【答案】A【解析】动词词组辨析。be laden with “满载，充满”；be lack of “缺乏”；be burdened with “使重负”；be in want of “需要”。句意：我选择
2、的职业充满机会，然而也充满的心碎、绝望和艰辛。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题To give you a general idea of our products, we enclose the catalogues showing various products handled by us with detailed _ and means of packing.问题1选项A.specimensB.inspectionsC.samplesD.specifications【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。specification “规格，规范”；specimen “范例；样品，样本”；inspe
3、ction “检查”；sample “样品，例子”。句意：为了使你对我们的产品有个大致的了解，随函寄上我们各种产品的目录，包括详细的规格介绍和包装方式。选项D符合题意。3. 单选题（ ）what has been said，it is unlike that population growth will be halted，either in the developed or in the undeveloped world.问题1选项A.In view ofB.On behalf ofC.For the sake ofD.With the exception of【答案】A【解析】介词词组解
4、析。in view of “ 鉴于，考虑到”；on behalf of “ 代表，为了”；for the sake of “由于，因为”；with the exception of “除了以外”。句意：考虑到他所说的，无论是在发达国家还是在发展中国家，人口增长似乎不会停止。选项A符合题意。4. 单选题If the heavy rain had（ ）an extreme high tide，serious flooding would have resulted.问题1选项A.happened toB.occurred toC.coincided withD.turned out【答案】C【解析
5、】动词词组辨析。happened to “碰巧”；occurred to “想起”；coincided with “与相一致”；turned out “结果是”。句意：如果大鱼正好逢上极端高潮，可能会导致严重的洪水。选项C符合题意。5. 单选题In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, （ ）schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16.问题1选项A.compellingB.forcedC.obligedD.compulsory【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。compelling “强制的”
6、；forced “被迫的”；obliged “有责任的”；compulsory “必修的，义务的”。句意：在苏格兰，就像在英国的其他地方一样，义务教育是从5岁到16岁。选项D符合题意。6. 单选题Many of the conditions that _ population pressures overcrowding, unemployment, poverty, hunger and illness lead to dissatisfaction.问题1选项A.bring forwardB.give rise toC.feed up withD.result from【答案】D【解析】动
7、词词组辨析。bring forward “提出，提前”； give rise to “引起”； feed up with “对厌烦”； result from “起因于”。句意：许多由于人口压力导致的条件，过度拥挤、失业、贫困、饥饿和疾病，导致了不满。选项D符合题意。7. 单选题If a cat comes too close to its nest, the mockingbird _ a set of actions to protect its offspring.问题1选项A.hastensB.releasesC.devisesD.initiates【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。ha
8、stens “催促，加速”；releases “释放，发表”；devises “发明，图谋”；initiates “发动，发起”。句意：如果猫越来越靠近嘲鸫的巢，它将会发动一系列行动去保护它的后代。选项D符合题意。8. 单选题A 1994 World Bank report concluded that _ girls in school was probably the single most effective anti-poverty policy in the developing world today.问题1选项A.enrollingB.assigningC.involvingD.
9、consenting【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。enroll “登记，注册”；assign “分配，指派”；involve “涉及”；consent “允许，赞成”。句意：1994年世界银行的报告总结道，学校注册招收女孩可能在现今的发展中国家中是对抗贫困最有效的政策。选项A符合题意。9. 单选题In the process of development we should（ ）heart that social life is based on exchange.问题1选项A.take fromB.take toC.take forD.take in【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。take
10、 from “降低；减少”；take to “喜欢；走向；开始从事”；take for “认为；以为”；take in “吸收；领会；理解”。句意：在发展过程中，我们应该领会到社会生活是以交流为基础的。选项D符合题意。10. 单选题The spy gave General Washington a(n) （ ）report on enemy activities.问题1选项A.confidentB.influentialC.confidentialD.substantial【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。confident “自信的”；influential “有影响力的”； confide
11、ntial “机密的”；substantial “实质的”。句意：这个间谍给了华盛顿总统一个有关于敌人活动的机密报告。选项C符合题意。11. 单选题Despite almost universal _ of the vital importance of womens literacy, education remains a dream for many women in far too many countries of the world.问题1选项A.confessionB.identificationC.acknowledgementD.compliment【答案】C【解析】名词词义
12、辨析。confession “坦白，供认”；identification “鉴定；身份证”；acknowledgement “承认，确认”；compliment “赞美”。句意：尽管女性文化的重要性成为统一承认的事情，但是在世界的许多国家，教育仍然是许多女性的梦想。选项C符合题意。12. 单选题Arriving anywhere with these possessions, he might just as easily _ for a month or a year as for a single day.问题1选项A.put upB.stay upC.speed upD.make up【
13、答案】A【解析】固定搭配。put up for “获得食宿安排”； stay up “熬夜”； speed up “加速”； make up “组成，补充，编造”。句意：带着这些财产去任何地方，你可以住上一个月或者一年，就像过上一天一样。选项A符合题意。13. 单选题The study of genetics has given rise to a profitable new industry called biotechnology. As the name （1）, it combines biology and modem technology through such （2 ） as
14、 genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies, as they are called, （3 ） in agriculture and are working enthusiastically to patent （取得专利）seeds that give a high yield （产量），that （4 ） disease, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for dangerous chemicals. （5 ）such goals could be achieved, it would be most beneficial. But some have raised （6 ） about genetically engineered crops. “In nature, genetic diversity （多样性）is created withi
