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1、2022-2023年考博英语-中国海洋大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题E-mail is a convenient, highly democratic informal medium for conveying messages that （ ）well to human needs.问题1选项A.conformsB.adheresC.reflectsD.satisfies【答案】B【解析】句意:电子邮件是一种方便的、非常大众化的非正式信息传递媒介,它很符合人类的需求。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的三单形式。Conform符合,遵照,常与介词to或with连用; adhere遵
2、守,坚持,粘附; reflect反映,反射,反省; satisfy使满意,满足,可作及物动词。故B项无论从语义还是从搭配上都符合题干要求。2. 单选题True patriotism （ ）putting the interests of ones country above everything, including ones own life.问题1选项A.derives fromB.lies withC.rests onD.consists in【答案】D【解析】句意:真正的爱国精神在于把国家的利益看得高于一切，包括个人生命。考查短语辨析。四个选项均为对应动词短语的三单形式。derive
3、from起源于,来自,导出; lie with取决于; rest on依靠,信赖,停留在; consist in在于,存在于。故D符合句意。3. 单选题Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in
4、use per capita. The history of industrial development abounds with examples.In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on US farms. One horse or mule was required to support four human beings a ration that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commissi
5、on been asked to forecast the horse and mule population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic or technological turn of mind. Had they been “economists”, they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50
6、million. Had they been “technologists”，they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that it would be only a matter of time before steam would be the prime source of power on the farm. It
7、would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly.1.According to the passage, what supplied most of the power on U.S. farms in 1870?2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developm
8、ents?3.It can be inferred from the passage that by 1870（ ）.4.In the second paragraph, the author suggests that “economists” would（ ）.5.What is the authors attitude toward changes brought on by technological innovation?问题1选项A.AnimalsB.HumansC.EnginesD.Water问题2选项A.Older technologies die away.B.The qua
9、lity of life is improved.C.Overall productivity increasedD.More raw materials become necessary问题3选项A.technology began to be more commercialB.the steam engine had been inventedC.the U.S. horse population was about 10 millionD.a national commission on agriculture had been established问题4选项A.plan the ec
10、onomy through yearly forecastsB.fail to consider the influence of technological innovationC.value the economic contribution of farm animalsD.consult for the national commission on the economy问题5选项A.He is excited about themB.He accepts them as naturalC.He is disturbed by themD.He questions their usef
11、ulness【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段指出: In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on US farms (在1870年，马和骡子是美国农场的主要劳动力),由此可知A项“动物”正确。2.细节事实题。题干问的是:下列哪项不属于作者所述技术革新的结果?第一段指出: Successful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in highe
12、r productivity, greater consumption materials through the economy (成功的新发明让很多较旧的技术消失，带来了更高的生产力，通过经济发展带来更多数量的消耗材料)。故作者并未提及B项“人的生活质量得到 了改善”。3.判断推理题。第二段指出: .they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to land and ocean transport (他们将认识到蒸汽动力已被使用到工业、土地和海洋运
13、输)。由此推测B项“蒸汽引擎已被发明”正确。4.判断推理题。根据题干关键词“economists”定位至第二段: Had they been “economists”，they would probably have projected the 1970 horse or mule population to be more than 50 million (如果他们是经济学家，那么他们会认为到1970年马或骡子的数量要达到5000万),因此选B项“未能考虑到技术革新的影响”。5.观点态度题。由第一段中“Successful innovations have driven many older
14、 technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity(成功的新发明让很多较旧的技术消失,提高了生产力)”和最后一段中“It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that the horse and mule population would decline rapidly (他们最后很可能会得出这样的结论:马和骡子的数量会迅速减少)”可知作者对于技术革新带来的改变的态度是“自然地接受了他们”。4. 单选题It was the tr
15、aining that he had as a young man （ ）made him such a great lawyer.问题1选项A.thatB.hasC.whatD.later【答案】A【解析】句意:正是他年轻时接受的训练使他成为了一位伟大的律师。语法题。考查强调句。强调句型为: It is/was +被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who(强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。题干强调主语the training,所以连接词应该用that。5. 单选题Mathematics as well as other subjects （ ）a science.问题1选项A.wasB.isC.areD.belong to【答案】B【解析】句意:如其它学科一样，数学是一门科学。语法题。考查主谓一致。名词+as well as/no less than/but/except/with/like +其他名词做主语吋，谓语与第一个名词
