不定代词用法总结

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1、不定代词用法总结1) some, any, no 的用法* . some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some表示“几个;一些;部分,多用于肯定句;而 any 表示“一些;什么;任何;”,对用于否定句或疑问句中。如:* He asked me some questions. ( 他问了我几个问题。 )* Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。 )* Are there any stamps in this post office (这个邮局里有邮票吗)* I didn t have any cigarettes

2、, so I went out to buy some. (我没有香烟了,所以出去买了一些。 )b.刚才我们说some一般用于肯定句而 any一般用于否定句和疑问句。但有时也有例外。这要根据句子意思来看。* I could not answer some of his questions. ( 我不能回答他的某些问题。 )(some 用在否定句中表示“一些;部分”。如果说成: I could not answer any of his questions.意思就变了,它表示“我不能回答他的任何问题。” )* Will you get me some apples on your way bac

3、k (你回来的路上能给我带一些苹果吗 )(some 用在疑问句中大多表示“请求” 或“建议”)* Let me know if you hear any news. ( 如果你有任何消息请告诉我。 ) (any 用在条件从句中表示“任何” )* “What would you like to drink ”“Any will do. ” ( “你想喝什么”“哪种都行。” ) (any 在这里表示“任何” )c. no 在句子中作定语,表示否定,意思是“没有;不是”,它可以修饰可数名词的单数和复数形式或不可数名词。* There are no letters for you today. (今天

4、没有你的信。 )* I have no money at the moment. Could you lend me some (我现在没有钱。你能借我一些吗)2) 复合不定代词的用法a. 不定代词 some, any, no 与-one,-body,-thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是:someoneanyoneno onesomebodyanybodynobodysomethinganythingnothing这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。b. 因为some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句或疑问句,no表示完全否定,因此由 some, any, no与-one

5、,-body 组成的复合代词的用法也一样。c.第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只用于表示人,它们的形式是单数形式,但有时可以用 they或them指代。* There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗)d. 第二部分为-thing 的复合代词只能用于指物。如:* There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it.* Nothing can be done to save her life.* H e l

6、ooked at me and didn t say anything.e.这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰,形容词必须后置。如:* Somebody important has arrived, I m sure. (important修饰 somebody)3) one和none的用法不定彳t词one指代可数名词的单数,即指人,也指物。它的复数形式是ones。在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语等。* He is not the one who is easily cheated. (one指人)* I ve made some cakes. Would you like oneof the

7、m (one 指物)* I prefer red roses to white ones. (ones指物)* Are they the ones who moved here a few daysago (ones 指人)4) all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, botha. every只有形容词的性质,在句中作定语。常用于修饰单数的可数名词。表示“每个;各个”,还可以表示“一切”。* After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone.every 还可以和-on

8、e, -thing, -body 构成复合不定代词, 即:everyone, everything, everybody 。其中,everyone 和everybody用于指人,意思一样,都是“每人;大家”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。everything用于指物,意思是“每件事;一切”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。如:* One can t have everything.* Everything goes well with me.* The town is so small that everybody knows everybody else.注

9、意:在使用everyone时要注意和every one相区别。everyone是一个不定代词而 every on是一个词组,前者只 能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。请注意下列例句:* Everyone will be here except Patrick. (everyone 指人)* Every one of the children will get a gift. (every one 也指人)* We played several matches against the visitors, but unluckily lost every one. (every one指物)b.

10、each的意思是“每个;各自的”,可以指人,也可以指物。如:* I leave home at 7 a.m. each day. * Each of them has received a letter.由于each和every的意思相近,者B表示“每一个”,因此要特别注意它们的区别。each所描述的对象至少是两个数目中的每一个,而 every所描述的对象至少是三个数目中的每一个;every着重强调整体的含义而 each着重强调个别;every哂T邸形其词放于名词前而 each可以(骞容询人利询翘副嶙做彷幺/他的工作。)tajctr1 由 jub-* You can see a lot of

11、new shops on each side of the street.(因为街道只有两边因止匕不能用every)* Each has too coats. (each是代词不能换用 every)c. other可以指人也可以指物,表示“另外的人或事物”,其后可以接单数或复数的名词;此外,other也有复数形式,是 others 。如:* He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor.*Some children like milk chocolate, other children prefer plain cho

12、colate.*We should not think only of ourselves, we should think of others first.d. another的意思是“另一个;再一个;又一个”,通常只能修饰单数的名词或代词,泛指“不定数目中的另一个”。* Would you like to try another kind of drink * I dont like this hat; please show me another.注意:other和another都有“另外的”意思,要注意它们的区别。首先一般来说,两者中的“另一个是 the other ,不定数目中的“另

13、一个是 another o如:* She has a book in one hand and a pen in the other.(这里表示两只手中的另个因止匕用the other)* This cup is broken. Get me another, please.其次,other的后面可以接单数或复数的名词而another的后面只能接单数名词。如:* He has other brothers. * I am not very well today. Tell them I will go and see them another day.第三,other有复数形式,泛指别人时通常

14、不加冠词;而表示其他的人时常要加定冠词;而 another没有复数形* Could you tell the others that I ll这些词都可以用来表示数量,但它们的* Some went to the People s Park, others visited the zoo. be late5) many, much, few, little, a few, a little, a lot of, lots of用法也应当注意。a. many和much这两个词都表示“许多;大量,它们的比较级和最高级是more和most。它们的不同在于:many只能指代或修饰可数名词的复数,muc

15、h一般只能指代或修饰不可数名词。如:* “Do you any books on English grammar ”Yes, but not many. (这里的many指代上文的 books)* Much time will be saved if you plan your work very well. (time是不可数名词,因止匕用 much)b. (a) few 和(a) little a few和a little是一对用作表示数量的不定代词的固定词组,它们具有名词和形容词的性质,它们的意思是“少数;少量”,都表示肯定的意思。它们的不同点是:a little指代或修饰不可数名词。如:因为children 是可数名词的复数因此用a few)是不可数名词因此要用a little)not many 或 not much。和 a few 和 a littlea few指代或修饰可数名词的复数,* Only a few of the children in this village can read.(* There was a little rain just now and the air is fresh now

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