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1、怎么办虚拟语气一.什么是虚拟语气英语中的语气分为陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。陈述语气用来陈述事实或可能 发生的事。祈使语气用来表示请求、命令、警告、威胁、叮嘱等。虚拟语气则用来表示 主观愿望或者假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实或与事实相反。(1)陈述语气： There are two sides to every question.个问题都有两个方面。 Weie you busy all day yesterday ?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？J How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！祈使语气： Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。 D
2、ont forget to tum off the light.别忘了 关灯。IT二虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望.4 或推测等。 If I wei e a bii d, I could fly ill the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。 May you succeed!祝您成功！二.复合句中的虚拟语气I虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法A.在条件状语从句中的用法【与现在事实相反的虚拟语气】主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might/+动
3、词原形，条件从句用一般过去时。Eg: If I were you, I would go with them.If everyone knew first aid, many lives would be savud.【与将来事实相反的虚拟语气】主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might/+动词原形，条件从句中谓语动词用 should do, we re to do或动词的过去式，should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能 性次之，were to do的可能性最小。Eg: Our cliaimian hasnt come yet. If he shouldif t co
4、me on time, we would have to put off the meeting If we should fail again, we woulchf t lose courage.【与过去事实相反的虚拟语气】主句谓语用“ should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”,条件从句的谓语用过 去完成时(had+过去分词)。Eg: If we had had enough rain last year, we could have gaiiwd a good harvestIf you had worked hard, you would have
5、 easily passed the filial test. 虚拟条件句中如果有had, should, were,可以去掉if,把had, should, were提到 主语前面。Eg: If time were to go back, I would work double hard.Were time to go back, I would work double hard.If I had worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.- Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.【练习】
6、Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, heour chainnan now.A. must have been B would have been C were D would be有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句可以省略，只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。Eg： If my mother were with me 1 （要是我妈妈和我在一起就好了）She should have come to my party.（她应该来参加我的聚会的）【练习】1. Were it not for the snowy weather,
7、we all right.A. would be B would have been C were D may be2. more careftil, his sliip would not have sunkA. If the captain wereB Had the captain beenC. Should the captain be D If the captain would have been3. If heme tomorrow，I would let him know.A. should call B should not have been able C were not
8、 able D. are not able4. If you asked your father you pennissionA. may get B. might get C should have called D maybe get5. today, he would get there by Fnday.A. Would he leave B Was he leaving C Were he to leaveD If h己 leaves6. I you, I would go with him to the party.A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D.
9、Were【注】混合虚拟语气主句和从句所指的时间不一致，这就叫做错综虚拟语气或混合虚拟语气，这就要求 主，从句的谓语根据各自所发生的时间选择相应的虚拟语气形式。Eg： If it had rained last niglit9 it would be very cold today.If I were you, I would have chosen to take the job.【练习】 If you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, weMthere by now.A. be B been C is D been含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的
10、条件不通过条件从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，如without, bat. for等，或隐含在上下文中，这种句子要用熄拟语气。Eg： But for your advicer 1 would have failed.=If you hadnt given me advice, I would have failed.Without your help, I wouldnt have succeeded anyway.=If you hadnt help me, I wouldn?t have succeeded anyway.【练习】 the English examination.
11、I would have gone to the concert last SundayA. In spite of B But for C Because of D. As forB在方式状语从句中的用法在asif, as though引导的方式状语从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在事实不符,用 过去完成时表示与过去事实不符。Eg： Tlie young man with long hair walks as if he were/was a girl.Tlie injured mail acted as if nothing had happened.【练习 1 He speaks Chine
12、se as fluently as if hea CliineseA. were B had been C is D has beenThe sun rises in the east and sets ill the west, so it seems as if the sunround theearth.A. were circling B circles C is circling D be circlingII.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法A.用于主语从句中在主语从句中，虚拟语气用Should +动词原形或只用动词原形。这种主语从句由 连词that引导，常用在以下两种句型中。 It
13、is/was + 形容词 +that. / It is/was + 名词+that.(这类形容词常见的有 important, necessary, impossible, naturalstrange, surprising 等，常见的名词有 a pity, a shame, an honour, a surprise 等)Eg： It is surprising that you (should) not understand me.It is a pity that he (should) niiss such a golden opportunity. It is/was + 过去分词
14、+that.(这类常见的过去分词有 suggested, advised, requested, ordered9 proposed decided 等)Eg： It is advised that one (should) take plenty of boiled water.It is requested that the students (should) learn a foreign language and IT course.B-用于宾语从句在wish后的宾语从句中，与现在事实相反用一般过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完 成时，与将来事实相反用“ would/could/niigh
15、t+J词原形”。Wish后的that常省略, 其后不能用shouldoEg： I wish you had come to the lecture.I wish I could flv to the moon some【练习】1 I wish that Iwith you last night.A. went B. had gone C could go D could have gone2.1 wish I with her now.A. would be B. am C was D. were3.1 wish that Ithe conceit last night.A. could B have attended C had attended D attended4 Tlie picture exliibition bored me to death I wish Ito it.A. had not gone B have not gone C did not goD can not have gone5. I wish you me t
