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1、附录3常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词一、常用的前缀和后缀1、常用前缀aero-：concerning the air of aircraftplane-aeroplane 飞机space-aerospace 航空空间anti-：against；opposite ofnuclear-antinuclear 反对核武器的matter-antimatter反物质war-antiwar反战的auto-：of or by oneselfbiography传记 autobiography自传criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省be-：to
2、treat as the stated thingfriend-befriend以朋友的方式对待；照顾little-belittle使显得微小，轻视、贬低bi-：two；twice；doublelingual-bilingual 双语的； 人cycle-bicyclebio-：concerning living thingschemistry-biochemistry生化sphere-biosphere 生物圈by-，bye-：less importantproduce-by-produceway-byway偏僻小路；学科的次要领域，冷门centi-：hundredth partgrade-c
3、entigrade 摄氏meter-centimeter 厘米co-：together，withauthor-coauthor合著者，合著exist-coexist 同时共存、和平共处col-：( used before l ) together，withlocation-collocation排列，配置，词的搭配com-：( used before b，m，p ) together，withpassion-compassion 怜悯、同情con-：together，withcentric-concentric同一中心的、同轴federation-confederation结盟 同盟，联邦co
4、ntra-：oppositediction-contradiction 矛盾、否定 反驳natural-contranatural违背自然的cor-：( used before r ) together，withrelate-correlate 有相关性respond-correspond 相符合相一致，相当类似通信counter-：oppositeact-counteract 对抗、抵消attack-counterattack 反攻、反击cross-：across；going between the stated things and joining themcountry-crosscou
5、ntry越野的breed-crossbreed杂种，使杂交de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reducecode-decode 译码、解码、分析电子信号value-devalue 贬值，贬低dis-：not；the opposite ofadvantage-disadvantage 不利、劣势、短处agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合honest-dishonest 不诚实、不老实em-：( used before b，m，p ) to cause to becomebody-embody 表现、象征；包括、包含power-empower
6、授权、准许en-：to cause to become；to makedanger-endanger 危及、使遭受危险large-enlarge 扩大、扩充 放大ex-：former ( and still living )minister-ex-minister v辅助; 服侍,部长wife-ex-wife 前妻extra-：outside；beyondcurricular-extracurricular 学校课程以外的ordinary-extraordinary 奇怪；特别；额外，临时fore-：in advance，before；in or at the frontarm-forearm
7、前臂，预先武装warn-forewarn 预先警告；事先告知il-：( used before l ) notlegal-illegal 非法literate-illiterate 目不识丁、文盲的im-：( used before b，m，p ) notmoral-immoral 不道德、邪恶；放荡的possible-impossible 不可能、办不到的；很难接受in-：notdirect-indirect 间接地，婉转的sensitive-insensitive 感觉迟钝，不友好的；麻木infra-：below in a range；beyondred-infrared 红外线的stru
8、ctureinfrastructure 基础设施，基础结构inter-：between；amongchangeinterchange 互换、互易；交替变换nationalinternational 国际的intra-：inside，within；intocityintracity市内的department-intra-departmentir-：（used before r）notregularirregular 不对称、不规则的；不定期的responsibleirresponsible 不负责kilo-：thousandgramkilogram千克meter-kilometermacro-：
9、large，esp. concerning a whole system rather thanparticular parts ofeconomicsmacroeconomics 宏观经济学structuremacrostructure宏观结构mal-：bad or badlyfunctionmalfunction 故障，障碍treatmaltreat 虐待、滥用micro-：extremely smallcomputermicrocomputer 微机electronicsmicroelectronics 微电子学mid-：middle daymidday 中午nightmidnight
10、午夜mini-：small；shortbusminibus 小汽车skirtminiskirt超短裙mis-：bad or badly；wrong or wronglyfortunemisfortune 不幸，厄运；灾难、灾祸understandmisunderstand误会 误解mono-：one；singleplanemonoplane单翼机tonemonotone 单调的multi-：more than one；manypurposemultipurpose多种用途的，多目标nationalmultinational多国的，跨国公司non-：notresident-non(-)resid
11、ent不住在某地的(指工作)不要求任职者住在工作地点的；不住在旅馆等中的sensenonsense 胡说，无聊的事物out-：outside；beyondlive-outlive比(某人)长寿; 活到(某事)已被遗忘dooroutdoor户外的 露天over-：too much；above；additionalhead-overhead离地面的; 头顶上的; 上空的, 架空的time-overtime超出的时间; 额外的时间费poly-：manycentricpolycentric多中心的syllabicpolysyllabic 多音节的post-：later than；aftergradua
12、tepostgraduate 研究生的，生warpostwar战后的pre-：before；in advancepayprepay预付warprewar战前的，在战前pro-：in favor of，supportingAmerica-pro-Americaabortion-pro-abortion 早产pseudo-：not real；falsenamepseudonym假名，化名；笔名sciencepseudoscience 伪科学re-：again；back to the former stateunitereunite重聚，再联合usereuse 再用self-：by means of
13、 oneself or itself；of，to，with，for，or inoneself or itselfemployed-self-employedtaught-self-taughtsemi-：half；partlycirclesemicircle半圆形finalsemifinal半决赛step-：not by birth but through a parent who has remarried motherstepmother继母childrenstepchildren养子sub-：under，below；less important；part of the stated bi
14、ggerwholedividesubdivide再分，细分section-subsection分部,分段,小部分,小单位,细分super-：more，larger，greater than usual marketsupermarket超市naturalsupernatural超自然的，超自然的现象tele-：at or over a long distance；by or for televisioncommunicationtelecommunication电信screen-telescreentherm(o)-：concerning heatchemistry-thermochemist
15、rymeterthermometer 温度计trans-: across, on or to the other side of ; betweenAtlantic-transatlantic电视屏幕,荧光屏plant-transplant移植tri-: three; three timesangular-triangular 三角cycle-tricycle三轮车,机器三轮车ultra-: beyond; very, extremelymodern-ultramodern超现代化的sound-ultrasound超声，超声波un-: notcertain-uncertain不确定的fortunate-unfortunate 不幸的，不幸的人under-: too little; belowdevelop-
