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1、中考英语专题三：代词一人称代词： 单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem1. 主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语. He teaches _(we) Chinese .2. 三种人称代词并列时,顺序为: 单数: 二,三,一 （You, she and I ） 复数: 一,二,三 (we , you and they ) 注:若把责任承担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.) She and I have been to Beijing . Who broke the win
2、dow ? I and Mike . 注：it 还有一些特别的用法。 1）用作形式主语,常用于 “Its +adj +to do sth”句型中. 2) 用在句型: “It seems that ”中. 3) 用在句型: “Its ones turn to do sth”中. 4) 用在句型: “Its time to do sth / for sth”中. 5) 用在句型: “Its +adj +that 从句”中. 6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth .二. 物主代词.第一人称第二人
3、称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs 1. 形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。 2. 名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。 Our classroom is as big as _(they) . This is a friend of _(my). 注: 1) 名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词. （名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词） 2) 形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后
4、面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 三. 反身代词单数复数第一人称myself ourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.反身代词的常用搭配: enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself =learnby oneslf all by oneself lose oneself in improve oneself d
5、ress oneself help oneself to look after oneself leave sb by oneself say to oneself for oneself see oneself in the mirror四. 指示代词 1. 近指: this these 远指: that those 2. 用法: 1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词. The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qinghai . The book
6、s in that shop are cheaper than _in this shop. A.this B.that C.one D.those 2) this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子. He had a bad cold ,that is why he didnt come . 3) 在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方. This is Tom speaking. Who is that ?五. 不定代词的区别. 1. one与it 的区别 One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某
7、事物. This book is a good one. May I borrow it ? 2. some与any 的区别 一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 开头或what about /how about . 的句中。 May I have some water ? He asked me for some paper, but I didnt have any . 3. many与much的区别 Many+可数名词的复数 Much+不可数名词 都相当于 a lot
8、 of +复数名词/不可数名词 注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .4. a few /few /a little /little 的区别表否定(几乎没有)表肯定(有一点/几个)修饰可数名词fewa few修饰不可数名词littlea little The story is easy to read . there are _ new words in it . Hurry up ! There is _ time left .5. each / every 的区别 each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物
9、中的每一个. There are trees and flowers on _ side of the street . _ student has read a story . 注:each可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语. Each of us _(study)hard .6. no one 与none 的区别 no one表示没有人, 不能与of 连用. 而none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，谓语常用单数。. The boys were all tired , but _ of them stopp
10、ed to have a rest .7. both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别都都不任何一个两者之间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneanyThere are many trees on _ side of the river. A. both B.any C.either D.all 注: 1). both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none. 2). both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数. neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. Neither of the answers _
11、(be) right . Both of my parents _(be) workers. 3). 词组 A) both and 连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only but also 反义词组: neither nor Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= _ you _ she like watching TV.= You like watching TV, _ _ she .B) either or 或者或者 , neithernor 既不也不 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.Neither you n
12、or he _ (be) right .One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _ Lily _Lucy _ going to the park.C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither sb 某人也不怎么样. If you dont go there , _ _ I . (我也不去) 4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答. Who 的回答:用no one 回答. What 的回答:用nothing 回答. How many students
13、are there in the classroom ? _.Who can answer the question ? _. A. None B.No one C.Nothing 8. other /the other /others /the others 的区别(空)后面没有名词(空)后面有名词有数量限制(特指)the othersthe other没有数量限制(泛指)othersother 注: 1) one the other 表示两者之间的一个另一个 2) some others 表示一些 一些 3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数. 但 another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个” Would you like _ apple? I have two brothers, one is a teacher, _ is a worker . Some are cleaning the classroom, _ are sweeping the window. There are 20 teachers in our school . Eight of them are men teachers,and _ are
