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1、2022年考博英语-南开大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题We should always keep in mind that （ ） decisions often lead to bitter regrets.问题1选项A.urgentB.hastyC.instantD.prompt【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。根据句意可知，既然是痛苦的后悔，说明决定很草率，选项B符合语境。2. 单选题The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours sleep alternating with some 16
2、-17 hours wakefulness. Broadly speaking, the sleep hours normally （ ） with the hours of darkness.问题1选项A.conformB.coincideC.collideD.comply【答案】B【解析】动词词组辨析。conform with符合，与.一致；coincide with符合，与.一致（强调时间上的一致性）；collide with冲突；comply with遵守。句意：人类正常的日常活动周期是7-8小时的睡眠和16-17小时的清醒交替进行。广义上说，睡眠时间通常与黑暗的时间相一致。选项B正确
3、。3. 写作题Why do you think some people are attracted to dangerous sports or other dangerous activities? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Your composition should be no less than 200 words.【答案】Why People Are Attracted to Dangerous Sports?4. 单选题As a salesman, he works on a(n) （ ）
4、basis, taking 10% of everything he sells.问题1选项A.incomeB.commissionC.salaryD.pension【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。根据下半句句意：从他销售的每件商品中抽取10%。由此推断，填空处应该指佣金，所以选项B正确。pension指退休金，抚恤金。5. 单选题The famous inventor was awarded an （ ） doctorate by the university.问题1选项A.honorableB.honoraryC.honoredD.honorific【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。hon
5、orable“可敬的, 光荣的”;honorary“荣誉的, 名誉的”;honored“受尊敬的”;honorific“尊敬的”。句意:那所大学授予那位著名的发明者荣誉博士学位。选项B符合句意。6. 单选题As regards to the development of moral standards in the growing child, （ ） is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality.问题1
6、选项A.persistenceB.regularityC.consistencyD.conformity【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。persistence持续，固执；regularity规则性，整齐；consistency一致性；conformity一致，符合。句意：关于成长中的孩子道德标准的发展，一致性在父母的教学中是非常重要的。今天禁止一件事，明天又原谅它，这不是道德的基础。强调一致的性质，所以选项C更恰当7. 单选题Mary didnt openly attack the plan, but her opposition was（ ）in her failure to say any
7、thing in support of it.问题1选项A.explicitB.implicitC.internalD.immortal【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。explicit“明确的，清楚的，直率的”；implicit“含蓄的，暗示的，盲从的”；internal“内部的，内在的”；immortal“不朽的，长生的”。句意：Mary没有公开抨击这项计划，但是她反对的态度含蓄的体现在她没有说任何支持它的话。选项B符合句意。8. 单选题Unless you lived through the Eisenhower era, it may be hard to imagine the im
8、pact of the on-screen sight of sneering high-school students challenging adults with switch-blades. But in 1950s America, killing was still seen as something rare and horrible, something done by soldiers in battle, by lawmen, by gangsters, or by the occasional psychopath.Homicides in movies, even th
9、ose considered violent, were infrequent. Those films presented juvenile delinquency more as the thread of rebellion and disobedience than of outright violence.The idea of American teenagers as killers was beyond compression. The change in 1957 when a wave of teen-street-gang killing in New York City
10、 (22 in the first six months of the year) spurred the emergency deployment of six hundred Police Academy cadets in a war on teen street crime. Though teen violence soon lost its place in news headlines to other crises, it did not go away.Thirty-five years later America is in the grip of a violence e
11、pidemic that has transformed the country into one of the most dangerous nations on earth. The national homicide rate, corrected for population growth, increased almost exactly 100 percent from 1950 to 1990. In major cities the increase has been much higher. In Los Angeles County the 1953 homicide to
12、tal was 82. In 1992, with a population almost doubled, the total was 2, 512一an increase of over 1, 000 percent. These are staggering increase by any measure, with the one-year toll for L. A. County exceeding the deaths in over fifteen years of conflict in Northern Ireland.Youth crime accounts for a
13、disproportionate number of these killings. Thats more than twice the number recorded a decade earlier, reflecting the fact, according to FBI reports, that the number of youths who committed murder with guns was up 79 percent in one decade. Clearly something has gone horribly wrong. In looking for a
14、root cause, one of the most obvious differences in the social and cultural fabric between post-World War II and pre-World War II America is the massive and pervasive exposure of American youth to television. Since the 1950s, behavioral scientists and medical researchers have been examining screen vi
15、olence as a possible causative element in Americas spiraling violent crime rate. There is compelling evidence of a direct, demonstrable link. Homicide has become the second leading cause among African-American youth. In 1992 the US surgeon general cited violence as the leading cause of injury to women aged 15 to 44, and the US Centers for Disease Control consider violence a public health issue, to be treated as an epidemic.1.From the passage we can infe
