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1、一对一教学讲义教师： 孙蒙 学生： 上课时间：讲义内容： 任务型阅读解题技巧一、 解题方向 该题型的文章由若干段落组成，要求给每段话归纳段落大意，意即找出该段的中心思想或主旨。本题不是 让考生写出每段的段落大意，而是要求从列表中选择。选项设置的数目多于文章中的段落数目，也就是说 有干扰选项。对于短文进行概括是一个获取信息、加工信息的过程，需要严谨的思维和准确的表达能力，而且要使用自 己的语言来表达。因此， “概括短文的内容要点”实为客观简要地转述作者的观点、论据和结论。 二、解题步骤每个选项最多只能用一次， 也就是说， 两个段落的段落大意不可能是一个选项。这是因为不同段落的主 题肯定不同，原文
2、将它不同的段落，就是要分别说明不同的内容。在解题时，可以按照下列步骤：1. 先看选项，寻找关键词，确定所考段落 这样做题的好处有两点： (1)寻找选项关键词，它有可能与某段的核心词重合，如果重合，那该选项就可能是正确答案。(2) 读文章的时候，不要一下子把文章读完，而是读一段话，做一道题。假如原文的第一段的小标题已找 到，那么，先读第二段，然后到选项列表中找该段的小标题。然后再读第三段，同样处理，直到完成。这 样做，不仅速度快，而且准确率高。2. 细读每段话，抓主题句和核心词汇 由于正确答案常常是主题句的改写，读每段话时，并不是该段话全部都要细读。这样，既浪费时间，也不 容易抓住重点。应该抓住
3、该段话的主题句。先读该段话的第一句，然后，与选项列表中的各选项一一对比，确定正确答案。正确答案一般是该句话的 改写。 据统计我们发现主题句分布比例如下：段落的主题句在第一句的可能性超过50；段落的主题句在第二句的可能性超过20；段落的主题句在最后一句的可能性超过20；也就是说，按照上述方法做这种题型，读完该段话的第一句，就能在选项列表中找出该段话的小标题，这 种可能性超过 50。整段话读完的可能性不超过 10 .3. 某段话的答案确定后，将它的选项从列表中划去 每个选项最多只能用一次，所以，一段话的答案确定后，将它的选项从列表中划去，以免误选为其它段落 的小标题。而且在选其它段落的答案时，可以
4、不看该选项，以节省时间。4. 如果答案不确定，先将可能正确的选项全部选出 如果一个段落原答案不确定，应将它们先都选出来，写在题目旁边，再往下做。这样做的好处是，下面某 一段落的答案确定后，便能推出上面段落的答案来。因此不可能两个段落的小标题是一个选项。例如：第 二段答案可能是 D 或 B，但是你能够确定第四段的答案时D，所以第二段的答案就是 B 了。即使第二段后面各段的 Heading 都不是 D 或 B 最后在确定第二段的 Heading 时，也是从 D 和 B 中选择一个。5. 干扰选项的特点是段落中未展开详细的说明作为干扰选项出现的常常是段落中提到的细节， 但我们要找的是段落主旨。 这更
5、说明了做这种题要抓住段 落的主题句。而不是整个段落全看。否则，特别容易受到干扰选项的误导。6. 如果主题句比较复杂（如复合句） ， 应该重点看主句部分 有时主题句是比较复杂的复合句，如果理解有 困难，应集中精力看主句部分，正确答案应来自主句。1. 先表后文，预测文意2. 寻找出处，对号入座3. 整合信息，分析归纳4. 判断用词，准确表达5. 通观全文，复读检查任务型阅读：捕捉信息题Skin care slow down the speed of aging组织信息题1.注意词性及词的正确形式Having good skin boosts self-confidence and improves
6、 overall health and attitude. Good skin makes you feel more .Good skin helps you keep healthy both _physically_ and mentally.2 Other examples:（苏锡常镇一检） My eyes would rest respectfully on the books in dot-raised type which I have read,Fix her eyes with respect_ on the books in raised type she has read
7、词汇变形 1There are some very good things about open education. This way of teaching allows the students to develop their own interests in many subjects. Open education allows students to be responsible for their own education.Open education is a way of teaching which allows students to learn what they
8、are in .词汇变形 2The Occupation Handbook is a good resource. Regularly updated, the Handbook is available as a book and on-line. Not only is information provided about the United States as a whole, but readers can easily search for information about their particular state. .Title: Occupation handbook T
9、he information is updated in a manner.词汇变形 3As they fish, cheer for every fish they catch. Make a really big deal out of it. Take pictures. And if it s possible, take some home to clean. Let the child help you clean with a table knife, so he cant get hurt.Title: teach a kid to fish Take some home an
10、d let the child help to clean with a table knife to avoid hurt.词汇变形 41. Many people need guidance in choosing a career职 （业）. Fortunately, there is much information on the Web about job opportunities. With all the information available, its not surprising that people can feel confused. So if youre re
11、ady to start your first job or change careers, where do you begin?Title:finding information on the web for the information There is a lot of job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be .2. 选词时要注意搭配Besides， the hosting will definitely promote the patriotic emotion and pride, as well
12、as the moral behavior in local people.People are of their country.3. 准确把握语义Aging appear fast on your face, which means you must apply skin care products to all areas. Apply skin care products to all areas aging may appear.练一练：1.（09 镇江三检 ）: Organizers say more than twenty percent of the world populat
13、ion lack clean drinking water.Nearly one-fifth of the world population dont have clean water.2.（09 南京一检 ）: use colored pens for different topics to catch the eye and make things stand out. Write in different for different topicsA） 注意用一个单词来代替原文中词或短语I should call to me all my dear friends and look lon
14、g into their faces, imprinting（刻上） upon my mind the outward evidences of the beauty that is within them.Look long into the faces of all her dear friends so that she would never the evidence oftheir beauty.2）用一个短语来代替原文中的一个词。This “rejection stage” can be quite dangerous because the visitor may develop
15、 unhealthy habits. People can be put in of developing bad habits.3） 用反义词代替原文中的词running late with a meeting makes members late for other appointments, and reduces your as an effective meeting manager.End on time your reliability综合概括题整体把握文章结构从其次一层面归纳1标题归纳题 根据“文章主旨句大多出现在三个位置：文章首段，一段末或二段首，文章末段”的特点， 可有意识地从上述三个位置找到文章主题句，再加以准确概括，确定语篇标题。文中出现的高频率词或词组，往往就是标题2段落归纳题段落归纳概括题常位于表格的左栏，能最大限度覆盖相应行、列或单元格的全部信息，常 为名词、名词词组或动 （名）词词组。Volunteering does much good to a volunteer. For example, volunteering offers you chance to develop ability, skill and personal strengths. As part of a volunteer group, you get firs-th
