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1、英国文学简介1. 古代文学简介/Old English Literature1 时间界定：Old English literature extends from about 450 to 1066.2 古代文学中诗歌分类：宗教诗和世俗诗：The Old English poetry can be divided into two groups: the religious group and the secular one.3 主要代表作品：贝尔武夫A.性质：Beowulf, is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.
2、B.主题：The poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage under a wise heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader.、中世纪文学：1、 时间界定：From 1066 up to the mid-14th century.2、 文学分类：民间通俗文学 骑士浪漫诗A. Popular folk literature also occupies an imp
3、ortant place in this period.B. Romance which uses narrative verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds is a popular literary form in the medieval period.3、 代表作家与作品：Chaucer and the Canterbury talesAThe father of English poetry.（Chaucer）BThe English Homer. （Chaucer）CIn Canterbury
4、 tales, Chaucer presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life .DIn Troilus and Criseyde, he gave the world what is virtually the first modern novel.2. 中世纪文学简介 /Medieval Literature introducti
5、on1、 时间界定：From 1066 up to the mid-14th century.2、 文学分类：民间通俗文学 骑士浪漫诗A. Popular folk literature also occupies an important place in this period.B. Romance which uses narrative verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds is a popular literary form in the medieval period.3、 代表作家与作品：
6、Chaucer and the Canterbury talesAThe father of English poetry.（Chaucer）BThe English Homer. （Chaucer）CIn Canterbury tales, Chaucer presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life .DIn Troilus a
7、nd Criseyde, he gave the world what is virtually the first modern novel.3. 文艺复兴时期简介 /Renaissance period introduction1 时间界定：It refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries.2 文艺复兴的理论基础：人文主义兴起。A 核心：Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medi
8、eval reverence for the antique authors.B 基础：It was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.3 文艺复兴的文化背景：A 场所：English schools and universities were established in place of the old monasteries.B 印刷术的引进：William Caxton introduced printing into England .C 翻译的时代的出现。With the introdu
9、ction of printing, an age of translation came into being4 文学形式：A.诗歌：A). 早期特点：The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation.B). 代表作家及作品:a. Spensers The Shepheardes Calender showed the pastoral conventionb. In “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love,” Marlowe spoke tha
10、t it would be very difficult for us to connect it with the voice in his tragedies.c. Poetry and poetic drama were the most outstanding literary forms and carried on by Shakespeare and Ben Johnson.B.戏剧: A). 特点: The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English RenaissanceB). 作家: The most fa
11、mous dramatists are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and Ben Johnson.5. 本章主要作家及作品:斯宾塞及其代表作仙后/Edmund Spenser and The Faerie Queene马洛代表作和艺术风格及成就/Christopher Marlowes writing and literature archivement莎士比亚作品及艺术成就/William Shakespeare and his achievement培根的主要作品/Francis Bacons major works邓恩作品及爱情观
12、/John Donnes writing and point of view (这些地方肯定要加的)弥尔顿代表作/John Miltons major works4. 新古典主义时期/ The neoclassical period1. 时间界定The neoclassical period is between the return of the Stuarts in 1660 and the full assertion of Romanticism which came with the publication of Lyrical Ballads in 1798.2. 启蒙运动A. 概
13、述a. 特点The eighteenth-century England is also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason. The Enlightenment Movement was a progressive intellectual movement.b.起源It flourished in France and swept through the whole Western Europe at the time.c.性质The movement was a furtherance of the Renaiss
14、ance of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.d.目的Its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas.B. 人文观与文学特点a. The enlighteners advocated universal education. They believed that human beings were limited, dualistic, imperfect, and yet capable o
15、f rationality and perfection through education.b. Literature at the time, heavily didactic and moralizing, became a very popular means of public education.3. 文学形式A. 伤感主义文学In the last few decades of the 18th century, however, the neoclassical emphasis upon reason, intellect, wit and form was rebelled
16、 against or challenged by the sentimentalists, and was gradually by Romanticism.B. 新古典主义诗歌The neoclassical period witnessed the flourish of English poetry in the classical style climaxing with John Dryden, Alexander Pope and Samuel Johnson.C. 现实主义小说The mid-century was, however, predominated by a newly rising
