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1、英语四级翻译常用词汇：123个中文高频成语翻译Automation 1502 YuDeyu一、复习建议：1. 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词的积累2. 广撒网，学习、揣摩这些话题相关的难点单句训练做这些单句训练时，先阅读1遍整个段落，专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻的句子，然后重点练习这一句的翻译。难句会了，简单句自然不在话下。在做单句翻译时，先尝试自己翻，翻完以后，对照答案，看解析，总结和揣摩其中好的词汇和表达。下面请大家跟着教研君给出的常考单句示例，具体学习吧1. 对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难。参考译文：For most youn
2、g people, marriage means setting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices.词汇点评：组建家庭：set up a family。有同学容易使用start a family。start a family表示begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。越来越：一般看到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more，比如“越来越多的人”more and more people，但
3、译为a growing number of people可令人眼前为之一亮；而表达“变得越来越”的含义时，使用become increasingly的译法更好。物价的不断上涨：constantly rising prices，而不是price rising。表达点评：本句是一个表转折关系的并列句，后半句中的“物价的不断上涨使这一切”中的“这一切”指代前半句中提到的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”，因此，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，让整个句子简洁明了。使字句的翻译：“物价的不断上涨”是“这一切变得困难”的原因，因此处理为原因状语，用because of来带出原因。2. 过去十年中国房地产（re
4、al estate）行业高速发展。参考译文：The past decade has witnessed a high-speed development in Chinas real estate.词汇点评：十年：decade高速发展：develop rapidly; high-speed development表达点评：本句可直译为For the past decade, Chinas real estate developed rapidly，但如果以“过去十年”作为主语，套用句型time + see / witness + sth.则表达更加生动形象，更易提分。see / witness
5、意为“见证，证明”，具体使用时注意时态应和语境一致。所以本句译为：The past decade has witnessed更地道，注意这里使用现在完成时。“过去十年”作主语时，注意动词短语“高速发展”要转换为名词短语。3. 胡同（Hutong）是北京的一大特色，有着与北京城一样久远的历史。参考译文：Hutong, with a history as long as that of Beijing city, is a major feature of Beijing.词汇点评：特色：feature; characteristic与一样：as as表达点评：文化类段落翻译中经常考到“特色”一词
6、的翻译，大家一定要牢记。前半句“胡同（Hutong）是北京的一大特色”是句子主干，后半句“有着与北京城一样久远的历史”可用介词短语with a history as long as that of Beijing city来表达，以插入语的形式置于主语之后，这样整个句子的中心更突出。二、考场“强心针”：1. 问：翻译过程中，表达优美重要，还是正确性重要答：正确性更重要。如果觉得自己不能翻得特别好，那就首先保证尽可能少的语法错误，意思表达到即可，抓到分是关键。2. 问：平时积累了不少词汇和表达，到了翻译段落时，突然不会了，最后翻得不是太好答：这种情况分两种原因：1）太急着下笔，段落含义没有理解透
7、彻。同学在做汉译英时，一定要首先认真把整个中文段落多读几遍，理顺其中隐含的逻辑关系和信息，确定用哪个词做主语、谓语、定语，然后再下笔真正开始翻译。2）同学的语法功底稍有欠缺，这种情况，尽量把汉语的长句子拆成短句子。同样是要多读中文，才能先把中文拆分好，然后逐句、逐句去翻译。3. 问：我翻译的时态总跟答案的时态有出入，怎么办答：举几个实例来跟同学讲解下。1）遇到“近年来某种现象越来越”的表达。首先揣摩该现象是否有“正在进行而且将一直持续下去的趋势”，如果符合该条件，使用现在进行时就可以把这个隐含意义完美表达出来。2）强调过去某一现象或从过去延续至今的动作对现在造成的影响，多用现在完成时态。比如“
8、过去十年，中国的房地产业经历了前所未有的高速增长。”这句中就要使用现在完成时态而非一般过去时。11.大事化小小事化了 try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all12.大开眼界 open ones eyes; broaden ones horizon; be an eye-opener13.国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace?14.过犹不及 going too far is as bad a
9、s not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little15.功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits.16.好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more17.好事不出门恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide.18.和气生财 Harmony brings wealth.19
10、.活到老学到老 One is never too old to learn.20.既往不咎 let bygones be bygones21.金无足赤人无完人 Gold cant be pure and man cant be perfect.22.金玉满堂 Treasures fill the home.23.脚踏实地 be down-to-earth24.脚踩两只船 sit on the fence25.君子之交淡如水 the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendsh
11、ip green26.老生常谈陈词滥调 cut and dried, clich27.礼尚往来 Courtesy calls for reciprocity.28.留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope.29.马到成功 achieve immediate victory; win instant success30.名利双收 gain in both fame and wealth31.茅塞顿开 be suddenly enlightened32.没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without nor
12、ms or standards. 33.每逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of ones dear ones far is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.34.谋事在人成事在天 The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven. Man proposes, God disposes.35.弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itself
13、36.拿手好戏 masterpiece37.赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad38.抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale39.破釜沉舟 cut off all means of retreat；burn ones own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end40.抢得先机 take the preemptive
14、 opportunities41.巧妇难为无米之炊 If you have no hand you cant make a fist. One cant make bricks without straw.42.千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step-the highest eminence is to be gained step by step43.前事不忘后事之师 Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future. 44.前人栽树后人乘凉 O
15、ne generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation sows and another reaps.45.前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind hesitate in doing something46.强龙难压地头蛇 Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - Powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies.47.强强联手 win-win co-operation48.瑞雪兆丰年 A timely snow promises a good harvest.49.人之初性本善 Mans nature at birth is good.50.人逢喜事精神爽 Joy puts heart into
