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1、2022-2023年考博英语-首都师范大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题My neighbors on either side of me have painted their houses, （ ）of course makes my house look shabbier than it really is.问题1选项A.thatB.asC.whoD.which【答案】D【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。空格处所填单词指代前面句子的内容，即我两边邻居都给他们的房子刷了漆，也就是指这件事，故排除BC两项。再由空格前的逗号可知，次从句为非限制性定从，故用which引导。句意：我两边的邻居都给
2、他们的房子刷了漆，这让我的房子比实际上更显得破旧。答案D2. 翻译题Can a person consider himself a thinking, creative, responsible citizen and not care about history? Can an institution that proposes to foster such attributes do so without including history in its curriculum? Many college students would answer such a question with
3、an immediate Yes!But those who are quick to answer do so without reflecting on what history truly is and how and why it is important.History is boring, complain many students. Unfortunately, a lot of people pick up a bad taste of history from the primary and secondary schools. Too many lower-level h
4、istory courses (and college level, too) are rife with rote memorization of dates and events deemed important by the teacher and textbooks, coupled with monotone lectures that could induce comas in hyperactive children.Instead of simply making students memorize when Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japan
5、ese, teachers should concentrate on instilling an understanding of why the Japanese felt they had no alternative but to attack the United States. History is a discipline of understanding, not memorization.Another common complaint is that history is unimportant. But even the most fanatic antihistory
6、students, if they were honest, would have to admit that history is important at least within the narrow confines of their own disciplines of study. Why be an artist if you are merely going to repeat the past (and probably not as expertly, since you would have to spend your time formulating theories
7、Revolution again?How could anyone hope to be a mathematician, or a scientist, without knowing the fields history? Even a genius needs a base from which to build. History helps provide that base.【答案】（1）一个人可以自认为是有思想、有创造性、有责任心的人，却对历史毫不在意吗？一所提倡培养人的这类优秀品质的学院会没有历史课程吗？（2）很多低年级的历史课程（甚至是大学的历史课程）都只是要求学生对老师和教科
8、书认为重要的历史日期和事件进行死记硬背，还伴随着枯燥乏味的讲课，使原本思想活跃的学生都变得昏昏欲睡。（3）老师们不宜让学生只是简单记住日本偷袭珍珠港事件的时间，还应该将日本为何别无选择地袭击美国的原因慢慢灌输给学生，最终让他们理解。（4）然而，即使是那些十分盲目地反对历史的学生，只要他们还算诚实， 也不得不承认，至少在他们自己所学的学科中，历史对他们来说是重要的。（5）如果一个人不知道数学界或科学领域的历史，他又怎能有望成为数学家或者科学家呢？即使是颇有天赋的人，也需要有一个良好的基础去发展成为天才。历史就是帮助打牢基础的关键因素。3. 单选题Critics believe that the
9、control of television by mass advertising has （ ）the quality of the program.问题1选项A.lessenedB.declinedC.affectedD.effected【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。 lessen “使变小”；decline “下降，衰落”；affect“影响，感染”； effect “发生，引起”。句意：评论家们认为，铺天盖地的电视广告已经影响了节目的质量。 根据句意可知C项正确，答案C4. 单选题The（ ）in Janets character has hindered her from adva
10、ncement in her career.问题1选项A.weaknessB.meritC.defectD.shortcoming【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。weakness“弱点，嗜好”；defect“不足，缺陷”；shortcoming“缺点，短处”； merit“优点”。句意：詹妮特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业的进步。由hinder “阻碍”可知性格方面的不足阻碍了她的进步。只有C符合题意。答案C5. 单选题One study found that job applicants who make more eye contacts are （ ）as more alert, dependa
11、ble, confident and responsible.问题1选项A.referredB.perceivedC.recommendedD.presumed【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。referred 提到，关系到；perceived感觉，认为； recommended 推荐，劝告； presumed 以为，假定。句意：一项研究发现，眼神接触多的求职者会被视为更有警觉、独立、自信和有责任心。B项符合句意，答案B6. 单选题Because of the severe drought, the government has urged people to be（ ）with water.问
12、题1选项A.economicB.thriftyC.cautionsD.economical【答案】B【解析】考查近义词辨析。 economic经济的；thrifty节约的，节省的；caution谨慎的，十分小心的； economical经济的，节约的。由句中“severe draught 严重旱灾”可知政府号召人们节约用水，不要浪费水。句意：由于那场严重的旱灾，政府号召人们节约用水。故答案B7. 单选题When it comes to teaching（ ）, many parents believe that if they teach their children and treat th
13、em kindly, the kids will know how to behave.问题1选项A.mentalityB.moralityC.complicatedD.majority【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。mentality 心理，智力；morality道德，品行，美德；complicated 复杂的； majority 多数。句意：说到道德教育，许多家长相信如果他们温和地教育孩子，对待孩子，孩子们就知道如何守规矩了。下文提到的内容属于道德品行范畴，故B项符合题意。答案B8. 单选题Technology has（ ）the sharing of information and th
14、e storage and delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people.问题1选项A.formulatedB.furnishedC.functionedD.facilitated【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。formulated 构想出，用公式表示；furnished供应，装备； functioned运行，行使职责； facilitated 促进，帮助。句意：科技促进了信息的分享和存储以及信息的传递，进而使得更多的信息为更多人所用。D项符合句意，答案D。9. 单选题This is
15、 the （ ）piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.问题1选项A.actualB.genuineC.realD.original【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。actual “实际存在的”；genuine “真实的”；real “真实的，实在的”； original “原创的，原来的”。句意：那位作曲家就是在这台钢琴上创作出了他最伟大的作品。D项符合句意，答案D10. 单选题The Chinese Red Cross （ ）a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.问题1选项A.assignedB.contributedC.furnishedD.admin
