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1、.摘要本设计为小型双柱液压机，主机最大工作负载设计为100kN。主机主要由上梁、导柱、工作台、移动横梁、主缸、顶出缸等组成。该液压机结构紧凑，动作灵敏可靠，速度快，能耗小，噪音低，压力和行程可在规定的范围内任意调节，操作简单。通过查阅大量文献资料，设计了100kN双柱液压机的机械本体，对横梁、立柱及液压缸进行了材料选择及详细的结构设计。根据液压机的使用工况，拟订了液压系统原理图。按压力和流量的大小选择了液压泵、电动机、控制阀、过滤器等液压元件和辅助元件。主缸的速度换接与安全行程限制通过行程开关来控制；为了保证工件的成型质量，液压系统中设置保压回路，通过保压使工件稳定成型；为了防止产生液压冲击，
2、系统中设有泄压回路，确保设备安全稳定的工作。此外，本文采用PLC对电气控制系统进行了简要设计，从而实现对液压机的手动和自动控制。通过液压系统压力损失和温升的验算，本文液压系统的设计可以满足液压机顺序循环的动作要求，能够实现塑性材料的锻压、冲压、冷挤、校直、弯曲等成型加工工艺。关键词：双柱液压机，机械结构设计；液压系统；PLC控制ABSTRACTThe design for the small double-column hydraulic press, designed to host the maximum working load 100kN. Host mainly by the upp
3、er beam, guide posts, workstations, mobile beams, master cylinder, a cylinder composed of the top. The hydraulic machine compact, sensitive and reliable, fast, low energy consumption, low noise, pressure, and stroke can be adjusted within the limits prescribed, simple operation. Through access to a
4、large number of documents, two column design 100kN hydraulic mechanical body, on the beams, columns, and hydraulic cylinders for material selection and detailed structural design. According to the use of hydraulic conditions, the development of the hydraulic system schematic. Pressure and flow accor
5、ding to the size of selected hydraulic pumps, motors, control valves, filters, hydraulic components and auxiliary components. Master cylinder travel speed for access and security, travel limit switch to control through; To ensure the quality of the work piece shape, the hydraulic system set packing
6、loop stability by holding pressure to the work piece shape; to prevent the generation of hydraulic impact, the system has leaked pressure circuit, to ensure the safety of equipment and stability. In addition, this control system using PLC, a brief electrical design to achieve hydraulic manual and au
7、tomatic control.By the loss of hydraulic system pressure and temperature checked. Hydraulic system is designed to meet the hydraulic action sequence and cycle requirements can be achieved by forging plastic materials, stamping, cold extrusion, straightening, bending, and other molding processes. Key
8、words: Double-column hydraulic machine; Mechanical structure design; Hydraulic system; PLC control目 录1 绪论-11.1液压机发展现状概要-11.2液压机的基本工作方式-21.3设计所需达到的要求-22液压机的总体设计方案-32.1 液压机的主要参数-32.2 液压机的组成-32.3 液压机的整体方案设计-52.4 液压机总体布局方案设计-53液压机本体结构及其设计-73.1液压机机身零件设计-73.2 横梁的设计-83.3 结构的校核-84液压机的液压系统设计-134.1 液压系统的优势-134.2 液压系统的设计- 134.3 液压机顶出缸工况分析- 164.4液压系统原理图的拟定-174.5液压系统基本参数计算-224.6电动机的选择-264.7液压元件的选择-284.8液压系统零部件设计-284.9液压油管设计-344.10液压系统安全、稳定性计算-355 PLC控制系统的设计-415.1控制方案的选择-415.2 PLC的选择及程序设计-416结论 -
