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1、Pool of Argument Topics Introduction Understanding the Context for Writing Preparing for the Argument Task How to Interpret Numbers in Argument Topics Tips for this Section Sample Argument Task Sample Essay Responses Pool of Argument Topics Scoring GuideThis page contains the Argument topics for the
2、 Analytical Writing section of the GRE revised General Test. When you take the test, you will be presented with one Argument topic from this pool.Each Argument topic consists of a passage that presents an argument followed by specific task instructions that tell you how to analyze the argument. The
3、wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here. Also, because there may be multiple versions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with different task instructions, it is very important to read your test topic and its specific task directions carefu
4、lly and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test.1-37Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. R
5、ecently, however, archaeologists discovered such a Palean basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-call
6、ed Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea的临近地区发现过，因而被认为是Palea居民所独有的。然而最近，考古学家在一个与Palea隔着一条叫做Brim河的村庄Lithos发
7、现了一个这样的Palea篮子。Brim河很深很宽，所以古代Palea人只能坐船穿过它，但没有证据表明Palea人拥有船只。而且能够运载大量人和货物的船只直到Palea人消失几千年后才出现。而且，Palea人应该没有必要穿过这条河流-Palea周围的林地有丰富的果实和小动物。这表明那种所谓的Palea篮子并不是那里所独有的。 Woven baskets,prehistoric village of Palea 论断：这种篮子不只P有。因为与他们住的地方隔一条河的地方也被发现有这个篮子，河很深只能划船过，但又没有证据证明P有船，而且能装很多人的船是在他们消失后几千年才出现的。另外P也没有必要过河，
8、因为他们那边的山上长满了坚果草莓。 前提不一定成立。论者是由P没有到过这里，得出篮子不只P有。但是论者没有提供任何确切的资料证明这里没有P来过的痕变，或是P的确没有来过这里。虽然P无法过河，但论者也没有告诉我们是否只有过河，P才能到这里 论者的论据没有说服力。论者指出河很深，而P没有船，大船的出现也在P之后。但是首先论者没有提供关于史前时代这条河的状况，有可能这条大河在史前时代并不存在，或是很浅。第二虽然没有证据表明P有船，而那个时代也没有大船，但P有可能使用一些简便的类似船的工具过河，比如木板。这些都可以使P达到这里。至于论者说P那边满是食物所以没有必要到这里就更没有说服力了，首先史前时代P
9、那边是否也满是食物论者没有说，其次P不一定必须是为食物才到其他地方去，他可能是为玩耍或是其他什么偶然的因素。 论者的结论很武断。论者认为P没有到过这里，所以这些篮子不是P的，篮子也就不只P有。但是就算P没有到过这里，论者也没有提供证据证明其他人不会把P的篮子带到这里来，比如说这里人，比如后人。结论：论断要加强说服力还应进一步了解史前时代P人生活的状况，并对这里的地理状况提供更详细的资料。2-NThe following appeared as part of a letter to the editor of a scientific journal.A recent study of eig
10、hteen rhesus monkeys猕猴 provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individuals levels of stimulation. The study showed that in stimulating situations (such as an encounter with an unfamiliar monkey), firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as much of the hormone cortisol, which primes
11、 the body for increased activity levels, as do their younger siblings 同科. Firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence). The study also found that during pregnancy, first-time mother monkeys had higher lev
12、els of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring.Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.3-227The following appea
13、red as a letter to the editor from a Central Plaza store owner.Over the past two years, the number of shoppers in Central Plaza has been steadily decreasing while the popularity of skateboarding has increased dramatically. Many Central Plaza store owners believe that the decrease in their business i
14、s due to the number of skateboard users in the plaza. There has also been a dramatic increase in the amount of litter and vandalism throughout the plaza. Thus, we recommend that the city prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. If skateboarding is prohibited here, we predict that business in Central
15、 Plaza will return to its previously high levels.Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recom
16、mendation.为使闹市区中央广场吸引更多的观光者并回复该广场以前的繁荣，我们市应该禁止在那里玩滑板，让滑板爱好者使用Monroe公园地区活动。在中央广场，人们唯一可以看到的就是玩滑板的人，废弃物和损毁的公物使广场失去了往日的吸引力。在最近一次对闹市区商户的调查中，大多数人都支持禁止在广场玩滑板。显然，在中央广场禁止滑板将会使该地区成为人们可以聚集起来娱乐和休闲的场所。prohibit skateboarding 论断：禁止滑冰C广场能成为人们可以聚会和放松的场所。因为现在C广场，滑冰的人几乎是唯一能看到的使用者，而且纸屑垃圾使得广场很难看。最近的一项对市中心商人的调查，大多数人支持对滑冰的禁止。而且滑冰的人可以去M公园里的场地。 前提：是滑冰的人把广场弄得没有吸引力的。论者没有提供任何有关人们为什么不爱去广场的原因，很有可能他把因果关系倒置了，滑冰的人选择广场，是因为广场上没有人。这样，没有滑冰的人，人们也
