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1、大脑相关词汇表a-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate (AMPA) a - 氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸abducent nerve 展神经abstinent heroin dependent individuals (AHD) 海洛因戒断者accessory nerve 副神经acoustic tubercle 听结节Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) 酒精依赖疾患 识别测验amygdala (AMY) 杏仁核angular gyrus 角回anterior
2、 cingulate cortex (ACC) 前扣带回皮层anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) 前扣带回anterior insula 脑皮层上的前脑岛anterior temporal lobe 颞叶前部arachnoid 蛛网膜area postrema 最后区；极后区arterial spin-labeled perfusion magnetic resonance imaging(ASL-MRI) 磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像autonomic nervous system 自主神经系axillary nerve 腋神经Barratt Impulsiveness
3、 Scale (BIS) Barratt 冲动性量表basal forebrain 基底前脑,basal ganglia circuits 基底节环路basal nuclei 基底核basilar artery 基底动脉basolateral amygdala (BLA) 基底外侧杏仁核basolateral 基底前侧Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) 血氧水平依赖 brachial plexus 臂丛brain (encephalon) 脑brain stem 脑干Ccalcarine sulcus 距状沟caudate nucleus 尾状核c
4、entral nervous system 中枢神经系统central sulcus 中央沟cerebellum (CER) 小脑cerebral aqueduct 中脑导水管cerebral arterial circle 大脑动脉环cerebral cortex 大脑皮质cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液cervical plexus 颈丛cingulate gyrus (CG)扣带回 common peroneal nerve 腓总神经 corpus callosum 胼胝体 corpus striatum 纹状体 cortex (CTX) 皮质 corticomedial
5、皮质内侧 corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束 cranial nerves 脑神经 crus cerebri 大脑脚 cuneate tubercule 楔束结节 cuneus gyrus 楔回Ddeep peroneal nerve 腓深神经 dendritic spines 树突刺 dentate gyrus 齿状回 diencephalon 间脑 dopamine (DA) 多巴胺dopamine type 2/3 receptor 多巴胺2/3型受体dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 背外侧前额叶 dorsal latera
6、l striatum (DMPFC) 背外侧纹状体 dorsal prefrontal cortex 背侧前额叶皮质dorsal putamen 背壳dorsal striatum (DS) 背侧纹状体dorso lateral frontal cortex 背外侧额叶dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) 背外侧前额叶dorsolateral striatum (DLS) 背外侧纹状体dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) 背内侧前额叶 dorsomedial striatum (DMS) 背内侧纹状体 dura ma
7、ter 硬脑膜Eelec troencephalography (EE脑电图epithalamus 上丘脑Ffacial colliculus 面丘facial nerve 面神经Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)尼古丁依赖量表fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral nerve 股神经fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) 氟脱氧葡萄糖fornix 穹窿fourth ventricle 第四脑室frontal lobe 额叶functional magnetic
8、resonance imaging (fMRI) 功能磁共振成像 fusiform gyrus (FG) 梭状回fusiform gyrus/visual cortex (FG/VC) 梭状回/视觉皮层 Gg-aminobutyiric acid (GABA) Y -氨基丁酸ganglion 神经节globus palidus 苍白球glossopharyngeal nerve 舌咽神经glu tama te谷氨酸gracilis tubercule 薄束结节gray matter 灰质Hhealth participants (NDP) 健康人hippocampus/Para hippoca
9、mpal gyrus (HIPP/PH) 海马/海马旁回 hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经hypoglossal trigone 舌下神经三角hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) 下丘脑-垂体轴hypothalamus 下丘脑Iinferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚inferior colliculus 下丘inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 额下回inferior olive nucleus 下橄榄核inferior parietal lobule (IPL) 顶下小叶inferior tempora
10、l cortex (ITC) 颞下皮层；下颞叶皮层 inferior/superior parietal cortex (IPC/SPC) 上/下顶叶皮质 insula (INS) 脑岛intercostal nerve 肋间神经 internal capsule 内囊 late positive complex (LPC) 晚正复合体 lateral hypothalamu 外侧下丘脑 lateral lemniscus 外侧丘系 lateral prefrontal cortex 外侧前额叶 lateral sulcus 外侧沟 lateral ventricle 侧脑室 lentifor
11、m nucleus 豆状核 limbic brain circuitry 边缘系统 limbic lobe 边缘叶 limbic system 边缘系统 lingual gyrus 舌回 locus ceruleus 蓝斑 longthoracic nerve 胸长神经 lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbosacral trunk 腰骶干MMagnetic resonance image imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像 magnetoencephalography (MEG) 脑磁描记法 medial eminence 内侧隆起 medial lemniscus 内侧丘系medi
12、al prefrontal cortex (MPFC) 内侧前额叶皮质 medial striatum 内侧纹状体median nerve 正中神经 medulla oblongata 延髓 metathalamus 后丘脑 methylphenidate (MPH) 利他能(中枢神经兴奋药) midbrain (mesencephalon) 中脑middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) MNI 坐标系 motor cortex (MC) 动作皮层；运动皮层 musculocutaneous ner
13、ve 肌皮神经Nnerve 神经Nervous System 神经系统neural cue reactivity (NCR) 线索诱发的神经活动 neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元n-methyl-Daspartic acid (NMDA) N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 nucleus accumbens (NAc) 伏隔核nucleus accumbens related circuitry 伏隔核相关回路 nucleus ambiguus 疑核 nucleus thoracicus 胸核nucleus 神经核Oobex 闩obturator nerve 闭孔神经 occipital
14、 lobe 枕叶oculomotor nerve 动眼神经 olfactory nerve 神经 optic nerve 视神经 opticchiasma 视交叉Orbital-prefrontal circuitry 眶前额皮层 orbitofrontal cortex (OFC ) 眶额皮层;前额叶眶回 Pparacentral lobule 旁中央小叶 parahippocampal gyrus 海马旁回 parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经 parieo-occipital sulcus 顶枕沟parietal lobe 顶叶periaquaeductal grey
15、导水管周围灰质peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统phrenic nerve 膈神经pia mater 软脑膜pons 脑桥pontine nuclei 脑桥核positron emission tomography (PET) 正电子发放断层扫描 postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) 后扣带回posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) 后颞中回；颞中回后部 precentral gyrus 中央前回prefrontal cortex (PFC) 前额叶皮层premotor cortex (PMC) 前运动皮层 putamen 壳 pyramid 锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉radial nerve 桡神经raphe nuclei 中缝核red nucleus 红核region of interest (ROI) 感兴趣脑区reticular formation 网状结构rhomboid fossa 菱形窝Ssacral plexus 骶丛 sciatic nerve 坐骨神经 septo-hippoca
