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1、2022年考博英语-重庆大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题In recent years, we have all watched the increasing commercialization of the campus. The numerous advertising posters and the golden arches of fast food outlets may be an insult to our aesthetic sensibilities, but they are, arguably, no worse than ugly. Some of
2、the other new features of commercialized campus life do, however: constitute a serious threat to things we rightly respect. “Privatization” and the “business model” are the potential menace.What do these notions mean? To me, they involve an increased dependence on industry and charitable actions for
3、 operating the university; an increased amount of our resources being directed to applied or so-called practical subjects, both in teaching and in research; a proprietary (所有权)treatment of research results, with the commercial interest in secrecy overriding the publics interest in free, shared knowl
4、edge, and an attempt to run the university more like a business that treats industry and students as clients and ourselves as service providers with something to sell. We pay increasing attention to the immediate needs and demands of our “customers” and, as the old saying goes, “the customer is alwa
5、ys right”.Privatization is particularly frightening from the point of view of public well-being. A researcher employed by a university-affiliated hospital in Canada, working under contract with a medicine-making company, made public her findings that a particular drug was harmful. This violated the
6、terms of her contract, and so she was fired. Her dismissal caused a scandal, and she was subsequently restored to her previous position. The university and hospital in question are now working out something similar to tenure (终身任职) for hospital-based researchers and guidelines for contracts, so that
7、 more public exposure of privately funded research will become possible. This is a rare victory and a small step in “the right direction”, but the general trend is the other way. Thanks to profit-driven private funding researchers are not only forced to keep valuable information secret, they are oft
8、en contractually obliged to keep discovered dangers to public health under wraps, too. Of course, we must not, be too naive about this. Governments can unwisely insist on secrecy, too, as did the British Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food in the work they funded in connection with the bovi
9、ne spongiform encephalopathy (牛海绵状脑病)epidemic. This prevented others from reviewing the relevant data and pointing out that problems were more serious than government was letting on.1.From the first paragraph we can learn that the campus life has become（ ）.2.“Privatization” and the “business model”
10、in this passage most probably mean（ ）.3.The author believes that we should pay（ ）.4.The researcher mentioned in the third paragraph was fired because（ ）.5.It is implied in the passage that（ ）.问题1选项A.more convenientB.rather uglyC.somewhat harmfulD.no more aesthetic than before问题2选项A.potential menace
11、to lifeB.new features of campus lifeC.new trend on campusD.dependence on industry and charities问题3选项A.little attention to applied subjectsB.due attention to the public interest in free, shared knowledgeC.more attention to the immediate needs and demands of our customersD.considerable attention to th
12、e commercial interest in the secrecy of research results问题4选项A.she worked for the rival of the companyB.she failed to keep her research results secretC.she was obliged to keep her discoveries secretD.she was committed to a contract with a company问题5选项A.the general public is too naive to accept the “
13、privatization”B.the notion that “the customer is always right” is out of dateC.it is a general trend that there will be more public disclosure of privately funded researchD.the bovine spongiform encephalopathy epidemic in Britain was more serious than what was disclosed【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:B第5题:D【
14、解析】1.判断推理题。根据文章第一段，“Some of the other new features of commercialized campus life do, however: constitute a serious threat to things we rightly respect.”，可知商业化校园生活的其他一些新特点确实对我们理应尊重的事物构成了严重威胁。可判断出校园生活已经变得具有危害性。选项C符合题意。2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段第一句，“What do these notions mean?”，可知文章接下来会解释Privatization和business mo
15、del的意义。又根据下文，“they involve an increased dependence on industry and charitable actions for operating the university”，可知这些措施包括增加对工业和慈善事业的依赖，以经营大学。可判断出Privatization“私有化”和business model“商业模式”在文章中是指对工业和慈善机构的依赖。选项D符合题意。3.细节事实题。根据文章第二段，“they involve an increased dependence on industry and charitable action
16、s.with the commercial interest in secrecy overriding the publics interest in free, shared knowledge.like a business that treats industry and students as clients and ourselves as service providers with something to sell.”，可知作者对于校园生活的商业化持消极态度，批判了学校商业化的现象。可判断出作者认为我们应该关注公众的利益能够免费地共享知识和信息。选项B符合题意。4.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“A researcher employed
