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1、上海市卢湾高级中学2019届高三英语下学期三月月考试题（含解析）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ABirthday factsMany centuries ago, birthdays were considered a time when the bad spirits were able to harm you. It was believed that you should have your friends and family around you_1_ their good wishes and present-giving would keep
2、 the bad spirits away. People also believed that, by lighting candles, they were sending a signal or wishes to the gods.Later on, candles started _2_ (use) on birthday cakes. One story about the beginnings of the birthday cake is_3_ it started with the Greeks, who made round cakes _4_(represent) the
3、 full moon for their moon goddess . They also placed candles on the cake to make it light, again like the moon.However, the Germans are said to have first used cakes and candles. They used a sweet cake and they put a large candle in the centre of the cake to mean “the light of life”.The “Happy Birth
4、day” song is more than a hundred years old. The music was written in 1893 by two sisters, Patty and Mildred Hill, _5_ were schoolteachers in Louisville, Kentucky. The music was first used as a morning greeting to their students _6_(entitle)“Good Morning To All”. In 1935, the words legally _7_(belong
5、) to the Hill sisters, and the copyright has been bought and sold for millions of dollars ever since. The present copyright is owned by Warner Communications. They bought it in 1989_8_ more than $22 million.Happy Birthday to you _9_ (recognize) around the world and has been translated into many diff
6、erent languages. And children still love to make new versions of _10_.【答案】1. so that 2. to be used 3. that 4. representing 5. who 6. entitled 7. belonged 8. for 9. has been recognized 10. it【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。讲述了生日蛋糕和蜡烛的由来以及生日快乐歌的来源和创作人。数世纪前生日是为了驱除恶灵对人的伤害，人们通过点生日蜡烛向上帝发送信号或许愿。后来希腊人流传着将蜡烛插在蛋糕上代表月亮，但据说德国人才
7、是最先使用生日蛋糕和蜡烛的人，他们将蜡烛插在蛋糕中间比喻生命之光。【1题详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：据说，你应该让你朋友和家人围着你，以便他们美好的祝愿和送礼物会使坏精灵走开。前半句you should have your friends and family around you是原因，后半句应该填表示解释结果的连词。so that以便；故填so that 。【2题详解】考查不定式的被动用法。句意：随后，蜡烛开始被使用在生日蛋糕上。start to do sth.开始做某事。此处是蜡烛开始被使用，因此要用被动用法。故填to be used。【3题详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：一个关于生日
8、蛋糕起源的故事是它起源于希腊人。One story 是主语，谓语是系动词is，that引导宾语从句 it started with the Greeks，并在句中不充当成分。故填that。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：希腊人给月神做圆蛋糕象征着满月。make sb./sth. do用法，此处represent 与蛋糕cakes 是主动关系，采用doing的形式。故填representing。【5题详解】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。这歌在1893年由两姐妹Patty and Mildred Hill创作，她们是肯塔基州路易斯维尔的教师。分析句子成分，先行词two sisters, Patt
9、y and Mildred Hill，在非限制性定语从句缺少了主语，故填关系词who。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这歌曲起初被用来作为早晨问候给学生打招呼，取名为“所有人早上好”。music 作为a morning greeting 与entitle是被动关系，entitle应是过去分词的形式，故填entitled。【7题详解】考查时态和语态。the Hill sisters句意：1935年，这歌曲在法律上属于Hill sisters。belong to意“属于”，无被动形式，时态为一般过去时，该用过去式，故填belonged。【8题详解】考查介词。句意：在1989年他们花了2200多美
10、元买下它。for more than $22 million, for+价格表示花了多少钱， 故填介词for。【9题详解】考查现在完成时的被动用法。句意：“生日快乐”现在已经被认可并被翻译成为许多不同的语言。and 连接并列谓语动词，has been translated into 是现在完成时的被动，分析句子可知，此处也该用现在完成时的被动，has后面是过去分词，recognized意为“认可”，故填has been recognized。【10题详解】考查代词。句意：并且所有孩子仍热衷于创作这歌的新版本。it指代上文的歌曲“祝你生日快乐”，指代上文出现的同一事物，故填it。【点睛】belo
11、ng to 属于；是.成员。它的主要用法：（1）不可用于进行时，如：The car belongs to her mother. 错误用法：The car is belonging to her mother.（2）不可用于被动语态，其过去分词也不可用作后置定语。如：如：Does the bag belong to Jane? 错误用法：Is the bag belonged to Jane?Have you seen the pen which belongs to me? 错误用法：Have you seen the pen belonged to me?Section BThe foll
12、owing passage is from the Hitch-hikers Guide to the Galaxys by Douglas Adams.It is an important and _11_ fact that things are not always what they seem. For instance, on the planet Earth, man has always _12_that he was more intelligent than dolphins because he had achieved so much- the wheel, New Yo
13、rk, wars and so onwhile all the dolphins had ever done was much about in the water having a good time. And vice versa; the dolphins had always believed they were far more intelligent than manfor _13_ the same reason.Curiously enough, the dolphins had long known of the _14_ destruction of the planet
14、Earth, and had made many attempts to _15_ mankind to the danger; but most of their_16_ were misinterpreted as amusing attempts to punch footballs or whistle for food, so they_17_ gave up and left the Earth shortly before the Vogons arrived.The last even dolphin message was misinterpreted as a(n) _18
15、_ difficult attempt to do a double-backwards somersault( 筋斗) through a hoop while whistling The Star-Spangled Banner, but in fact the message was this: So long and thanks for the fish.In fact there was only one species on the planet more intelligent than dolphins , and they spent a lot of time in research laboratories running around inside wheels and _19_ frightening experiments on man. The fact that once again man completely misinterpreted this relationship was entirely according to the plans of these_20_.
