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1、考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题Scholars and students have always been great travelers. The official case for “academic mobility” is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, and debated in the corridors of Europe, but it is certainl
2、y nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go abroad in search of the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold.Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference
3、across frontiers, and their simultaneous impact upon many groups of people. The point of learning is to share it, whether either with students or with colleagues; one presumes that only eccentrics have no interest in being credited with a startling discovery, or a new technique. It must also have be
4、en reassuring to know that other people in other parts of the world were about to make the same discovery or were thinking along the same lines, and that one was not quite alone, confronted by inquisition, ridicule or neglect.In the 20th century, and particularly in the last 20 years, the old footpa
5、ths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. The vehicle which has made this possible has of course been the airplane, making contact between schools even in the most distant places immediately feasible, and providing for the very rapid transmission of knowledge.Apart from the vehicle it
6、self, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought about the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative and require no further mention: there are far more centers of learning and a far greater number of scholars and students. In addition one mus
7、t recognize the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, particularly in the sciences, which by widening the total area of advanced studies has produced an enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined. These people would work m some isolation if they were n
8、ot able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries.1.According to the passage, scholars and students are great travelers because （ ）.2.The writer says that travel was important in the past because it （ ）.3.What, in the writers opinion, happens to a scholar who shares his ideas
9、with his colleagues?4.According to the passage, the recent growth in air travel has meant that （ ）.5.The writer thinks that academic work has recently become more specialized because （ ） .问题1选项A.Salaries and conditions are better abroadB.standards are higher at foreign universitiesC.they are eager f
10、or new knowledgeD.their government encourage them to travel问题2选项A.led to economic progressB.was a way of spreading ideasC.made new ideas less shockingD.broke down political barriers问题3选项A.He gains recognition for his achievementsB.He attracts large numbers of studentsC.He risks his ideas being stole
11、nD.He is considered slightly mad问题4选项A.more students from remote areas can attend universityB.universities can be built in remoter places】C.scholars can meet each other more easilyD.textbooks have wide circulation问题5选项A.more people are studying sciencesB.a greater variety of subjects is studiedC.mor
12、e students are doing postgraduate workD.the number of universities has increased【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句, 认真的学生总是准备出国寻找最具启发性的老师和最著名的学院;寻找最纯粹的哲学, 最有效的医学, 最有可能的黄金之路。总而言之, 他们渴望新知识, 所以选项C正确。2.根据第二段的第一句“Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across fron
13、tiers,.”这种流动也意味着思想的流动.由此可知作者认为过去的游学很重要的原因是：游学是传播思想的一种方式。选项B符合原文。3.根据第二段第二句, 学习的目的是与学生或同事分享;有人认为, 只有怪人才对一项惊人的发现或一项新技术的功劳不感兴趣。也就是说, 通过分享, 分享者的成就获得了人们的认可。选项A符合原文。4.根据第三段最后一句可知, 交通工具的发展使得学者之间联系更为方便, 所以选项C符合原文。5.根据最后一段倒数第二句, 人们必须认识到学科的大量增加, 特别是在科学领域, 由于扩大了高级研究的总领域, 产生了大量的专家, 他们的特殊兴趣得到了精确的界定。由此可知, 学术研究越来越
14、专业是由于学科的大量增加, 选项B符合原文。2. 单选题Competent researchers cite the most authoritative source, but what counts as authoritative again varies by field. Note the authorities whom researchers in your field cite most often, what procedures they trust, what records they regularly cite. If you are dealing with pri
15、mary sources (original texts of books, plays, diaries, and so on), be sure that your edition is recent and published by a reputable press. There are on-line electronic editions of Shakespeare so sloppily edited that using them would label you as incompetent.When students are unfamiliar with or cant
16、find authoritative secondary sources-scholarly journals and booksthey often resort to tertiary sources: textbooks, articles in encyclopedias, mass-circulation publications. If these are the only sources available, so be it, but never assume that they are authoritative. Be especially cautious about books on
