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1、科技文献翻译 SecinComputer Pogrm (计算机程序）Setion B Softwre f ycl(软件生命周期)学生姓名： 彭金辉 学号： 02X2430217 专 业： 计算机科学与技术 院（系）: 信息工程学院 完成时间: 20075-20 20 年 6月1日英文原文:ComputrPrgram. ntrodctnA comtr poramis set f isructos tat iretsa coputer to peror omeprocessng ntio r cmination fuio. r t intructos to ecarie out, come ms
2、xecte aroga, has， tht i te cmputer radthe pogram， and thn ollows the teps encoe in the pogram in precierderuntil complein.A proam anb eecuted any diffet tes, witheh xecuin yielding a potentially diferentutdepning uponteopins and dat hat thue givs te cmpuer.Prgrmflinto tw ajoclases:apcation prgra and
3、 operatingsstms.n aplcation prorm one aares t omeunton drecty o a user， such sorpoessing r gme playin. An operating system is a pam tht anges thcomputer ad the various resoures and devices connected toit,such s A(rando aces mmor）,hard drivs, mniors, keyods,printers， and odem,so hthey may be sd y ote
4、r progam. Exapl o eratin sytesar S, ndws XP, /2，d IX.Prora Developet Sotwae designers createew poram y uing special aplications programs,oftn alld uiliypogrms or dvelopment pogram.A rogrm uesothetye of rogram clled txt edit t wrie the ne ogamina seial oaion alled prgramg anguage Withte te edior， h p
5、rogrammercreates tx il,ichi a ordereliof nsrcons， al all prr surefile. e indivdl isructins thamake u teorc file are called surce codeAthis point, pal pplicatinprogramtranlates he srecde nto macincod lnguage,o oject ce a orat thttheopratn stms will recognize sppe programandbe able to execute.hree typ
6、esof ppicatin rogram trante foueoeto bjctcod: comiler, itrprers, and asembe. Th three erat difernty anoniferet ys f rogaming lanuag， butthe erve the samupoe of translatin rm a programing lnug itmaine lngae. cmpiler anslaesetilertn a igh-leel poramng languae- sch asFORN， C, o Pascal fromthe source od
7、e to ebject code ll at nce， This diffes fro he prh tkn y interprted langgech aASI, i hih rogam i transated itoobjec od steme by tatement s eah insrctio is execut. Th adntge to intrped language istt hey canbgin execting thepgra iey stead of having o waiting foral thesorce ce to b cmpiledChe c alo bea
8、de tote pogram failyquckly tt having atingfr it to be compiledgain. Thedisdvanage o inerprtelanuage is that ty e lw to exeue, sicethe entre progrm mst ralted oe instrucion at atime,achtime ogam s ru. the ohehand, compild languagaecompiled nly once ad thu can eecutedby thecptr uch more quiclhan inter
9、preted langes,Forthis reaon, compld languagesre re commoandalmostlways usd i rofssionl an ientifi aplications.nother type of traslat the asseblr， hic isused for porms or prs ofprgram wrtn in asbly lnuagesembl lgge i aoh pogrammnanguag，but t s muc mor imilar to machineanguage than oher ype of hig-lev
10、e lguage In assebly langae,a sige stateentcausually btansaed int agle intucio machn laguageToday， sembyanguage s rarelyused twrittnntirprogram， ut is inead ost often used wen te progrmmer needs o directly contro somapectof the outes function.rogam e oft writtes at o mar piece, it each pece rpreening
11、 some aspec f th veal applioprogram. er ech pie has been compiedepaely, a pogracalled linercmbes al trnslated pieesinto a single ecable prgramrogm sedom work corely heist tim,s a ra calle a debugger is oen ed t help probles cle bugs.ebugr rgas sully detec a event i teexcug rogam and pit thpoammer ac
12、 to h oriin of theen ithe rgram de.ecet progam sysem, sch s aa, seacobiaton fapprachesto creteand execute prgrams. A ompier akes a Jav surce rora ad rslat t intoantermediae frm.Such intermiate progms hetrasfrd ove t Internt intomputs whereaninterete proram e eeutshe intrmedia fm a an applcation progam. Program ElemntsMoprogasr uiltfrom ust a fekin f stp thataerepeated any tim n dif
