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1、2022年高中英语单元质量评估一新人教版必修第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AJ K Rowling，author of the Harry Potter book series，began writing at age 6.In her biography (传记)，she well remembers her good friend，Sean，whom she met in secondary school，helped build her confidence in b
2、eing a very good writer.“He was the first person to know my serious dream to be a writer.He was also the only person who thought I was certain to be a success at it，which meant much more to me.”Rowling met many difficulties in her writing，especially fantasy(幻想) stories.It wasnt until 1990 that she f
3、irst got the idea about Harry Potter.As she recalls，it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that“the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head.I didnt have a pen with me，and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one.I think，now，that this was probably a good thing，becaus
4、e I simply sat and thought，for four(delayed train)hours，and all the details appeared in my brain，and this thin，blackhaired，glasseswearing boy who didnt know he was a wizard (男巫) became more and more real to me.”That same year，her mother passed away after a tenyear illness，which deeply affected her w
5、riting.She went on to marry and had a daughter，but separated from her husband shortly afterwards.During this time，Rowling suffered from depression (抑郁症)She，out of work，pleted her first novel in the cafes，where she could get her daughter to fall asleep.After being refused by 12 publishing houses，the
6、first Harry Potter novel was sold to a small British publishing house.Now with seven books sold nearly 400 million copies in 64 languages，J K Rowling is the highest earning novelist in history.And it all began with the confidence of a friend!【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了哈利波特的作者JK罗琳。1Which of the following c
7、ould be the best title of the passage?AConfidence of a friend helped the success of Harry PotterBJ K Rowlings hard life and the success of Harry PotterCJ K Rowlingauthor of the Harry Potter book seriesDHow J K Rowling firstly got the idea of Harry Potter解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“.she well remembers her good fr
8、iend，Sean，.helped build her confidence in being a very good writer.”和最后一段“And it all began with the confidence of a friend！”可知，正是朋友的鼓励和支持才促使罗琳写出了哈利波特系列小说。故选A。答案：A2According to the passage，we know J K Rowling_Ahad a happy familyBhad a tenyear illnessCearned a lot from her novelsDpublished 12 books in
9、 64 languages解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“J K Rowling is the highest earning novelist in history.”可知，罗琳是历史上收入最高的小说家。故选C。答案：C3Where did J K Rowling first have the shape of Harry Potter?AIn the cafes.BOn a train.CIn a secondary school.DIn a publishing house.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“.it was on a long train journey from Londo
10、n to Manchester thatthe idea of Harry Potter simply fell into my head.”可知，罗琳是在一列火车上萌生了小说人物的原型。故选B。答案：B4What can we learn from the passage?AHarry Potter knew he was a wizard.BJ K Rowling wrote down her idea while she was on the train by borrowing a pen.CIts lucky that J K Rowling didnt have a pen whi
11、le she got the idea of Harry Potter.DHarry Potter was a thin，yellowhaired handsome boy with a pair of glasses on his nose.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句中“boy who didnt know he was a wizard”可知，哈利波特不知道自己是男巫，排除A；根据第二段“.I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one.”可知，罗琳因为害羞而没有借钢笔，排除B；根据第二段“this thin，blackhai
12、red，glasseswearing boy”可知，哈利波特是一头黑发，排除D。故选C。答案：CBSince the first Earth Day in 1970，Americans have gotten a lot“greener”toward the environment.“We didnt know at that time there even was an environment，let alone that there was a problem with it，”says Bruce Anderson，president of Earth Day USA.But what
13、began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.Business people，political leaders，university professors，and especially millions of grassroots Americans are taking part in the movement.“The understanding has increased many，many times，”says Gaylord Nelson，the former gover
14、nor from Wisconsin，who thought up the first Earth Day.According to US government reports，emissions (排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons.The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems st
15、ill remain and need to be dealt with，the world is a safer and healthier place.A kind of “green thinking”has bee part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programmes; today in 1995 there are about 6，600.Advanced lights，motors，and building designs have
16、 helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twentyfive years ago，there were hardly any education programmes for environment.Today，its hard to find a public school，university，or law school that does not have such a kind of programme.“Until we do that，nothing else will change！”says Bruce Anderson.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了19
