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1、2022年考博英语-南开大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题They had planned to go outing this weekend, but they finally had to （ ） it because of the rainy weather.问题1选项A.cancelB.eliminateC.delayD.prolong【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。cancel“取消, 撤销”;eliminate“消除, 排除”;delay“延期, 耽搁”;prolong“延长, 拖延”。句意:他们原计划这个周末去郊游, 但由于下雨, 最后不得不取消了。选项A符
2、合句意。2. 单选题There are （ ） differences between theory and practice.问题1选项A.legibleB.radicalC.medievalD.laden【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。legible“清晰的, 易辨认的”;radical“激进的, 根本的, 彻底的”;medieval“中世纪的, 老式的, 原始的”;laden“负载的, 装满的”。句意:理论和实践之间有着根本的区别。选项B符合句意。3. 单选题An unidentified wit once said, “laugh, and the world laughs with
3、 you. Snore, and you sleep alone.” Yet snoring is far from a laughing matter, as those unfortunates with good hearing, who are rightly subjected to the sounds of the snoring disorder, will testify.It has been estimated that one of eight Americans snores: this means that there are approximately 21 mi
4、llion peoplewomen as well as menwho render an unpleasant sound when they are asleep. And assuming that each snorer disturbs the sleep of at least one other person, it necessarily follows that there are 21 million unhappy listeners. While a sleeping person breathes, either in or out, several structur
5、es in his nose and throat generate the snoring. The sounds, coming from the soft palate and other soft structures of the throat, are caused by vibratory responses to inflowing and outflowing air. When the soft tissues of the mouth and throat come close to the lining of the throat, the vibrations tha
6、t occur are caused by the position of the tongue. In short, the noise made by snoring can be compared to the noise when breezes flutter a flag on a pole. The frequency of the vibrations depends on the size, density, and elasticity of the affected tissues and on the force of the air flow. Although it
7、 is usually the process of in haling or exhaling through the mouth that cause snoring, short snorts come from the nose of an open-mouthed sleeper. In all fairness to snorers, however, it should be emphasized that snoring is an involuntary out which stops as the offender is awakened.1.The snoring is
8、caused by （ ） .2.If a person produces short snores, most probably he has （ ） .3.The snorers can have control over their act.4.The authors attitude towards the snorers is （ ） .问题1选项A.the soft palate and other structures of the throatB.the inflowing and outflowing air through the noseC.the inflowing a
9、nd outflowing air through mouthD.the vibrations as a result of the inflowing and outflowing air问题2选项A.a soft palateB.a big noseC.an open mouthD.a small throat问题3选项A.The snorers can have control over their act.B.both the listeners and the snorers wish to stop the offensive sound of snoring.C.The freq
10、uency of the vibrations depends on the position of the tongue.D.There are more men than women who snore.问题4选项A.objectiveB.subjectiveC.sympatheticD.annoyed【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第二段“The sounds, coming from the soft palate and other soft structures of the throat, are caused by vibratory
11、 responses to inflowing and outflowing air.”这些声音来自于软腭和喉咙的其他柔软结构，是由流入和流出的空气的振动反应引起的。选项D符合原文。2.事实细节题。根据第二段倒数第二句“short snorts come from the nose of an open-mouthed sleeper.”张开嘴睡觉的人鼾声短促。选项C正确。3.信息推断题。根据原文可知，打鼾是一种无意识的行为，所以选项A错误；根据原文“The frequency of the vibrations depends on the size, density, and elasti
12、city of the affected tissues and on the force of the air flow.”可知选项C错误；选项D在文中没有提及。所以只有选项B正确。4.态度判断题。结合文章内容可知，作者全文都是在客观的描述人们打呼噜的这个问题以及产生的原因和影响，没有掺杂个人情绪，所以选项A正确。4. 单选题The doctor told me the medicine can （ ） my headache without doing me any harm.问题1选项A.healB.improveC.cureD.treat【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。句意：医生告诉我
13、这种药可以治愈我的头痛而不伤害我。选项A，C，D均表示治疗。heal多指创伤，外伤愈合；cure多指病后恢复健康；treat多指对伤口或者病情进行诊断，强调过程。所以选项C符合语境。5. 单选题The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seemingly （ ） source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.问题1选项A.InexhaustibleB.exploitedC.remarkableD.controversial【答案】A【解
14、析】形容词词义辨析。inexhaustible“取之不尽的，用不完的”;exploited“被开发利用的”;remarkable“卓越的，非凡的”;controversial“有争议的”。句意:该区域热带植物的多样性似乎是取之不尽用之不竭的原料来源，其中只有少数得到利用。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题The new colleague （ ） to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.问题1选项A.confirmsB.declaresC.confessesD.claims【答案】D【解析】近义词
15、辨析。confirm确认，证实;declare宣布，声明;选项A和B都是后接名词短语或that从句;confess承认，坦白，confess (to) doing sth.承认做过某事;claim声称，断言，后可接名词短语、that从句, 也可接不定式短语, 不定式中的动作发生在claim之前, 则用不定式完成式。所以选项D正确。7. 单选题The consolidation of the crumbling walls and towers has been carried out in （ ） with a program agreed with by the Department of the Environment.问题1选项A.caseB.accordanceC.placeD.charge
