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1、2022牛津高中英语定语从句语法讲解牛津中学英语定语从句语法讲解牛津英语能够给那些仍旧在前进道路上迷茫，或被惯性思维束缚的年轻人一些启示，让他们了解足够多的人生阅历与哲理，能够以更轻松、更欢乐的姿态去面对生活，也为迎接人生的辉煌做好打算。以下是我整理的关于牛津中学英语定语从句语法讲解，希望大家仔细阅读!一.定义1.定语从句：修饰某一句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。被修饰的词称为先行词。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词 关系代词 定语从句关系词有关系代词和关
2、系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句;2.代替先行词;3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语The boys who are playing football are from ClassOne.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talkedabout on the bus.留意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，
3、可省略。The man who/whom you met just now is myfriend.3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which isliked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5) The number of the people that/who come tovisit the city e
4、ach yearrises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soonbe repaired.(4)The classroom thedoo
5、r of which is broken will soon be repaired.三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词which/whom引导(1)The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous.2.关系代词前的介词的选择Dont bring children to see the animals of which they are afraid. (beaf
6、raid of 胆怯)留意：1. 含有介词的固定动词短语一般不拆开运用，如：lookfor, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watchwhich/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch forwhich I am looking. (F)2. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none,both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very
7、kind to him.(2) In the basket there arequite many apples, some of which have gone bad.四.关系副词引导的定语从句1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语I still remember the day when I first came to theschool.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语Shanghai is the city where I was born.3. why指缘由，在定语从句中做缘由状语Please tell me the reason why you missed
8、the plane.留意：1.关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换When=atinonduringwhich Where=atino which Why=for which(1) The reason why/for which he refused the invitation is not clear.(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know whathe wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken plac
9、e in the city in which./where I was born.2.当先行词为时间、地点、缘由名词时，假如在从句中不是作状语时，不行用关系副词引导。(1)The reason (that/which) he gave for being late is that his mother was ill.(2)They make me thinkof the happy days (that/which) we spenttogether.(3)Is this factory theone (that/which) they visited the day beforeyeste
10、rday.五.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先行词不行缺少的定语，不能删除是对先行词的补充说明删除后意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语，“的”通常翻译成主句的并列句限制性定语从句举例：(1) The teacher told me that Tom was theonly person that I could depend on.(2) China is a country which has a longhistory.非限制性定语从句举例：(1) His mother, who loves him very
11、much, isstrict with him.(2) China, which was founded in 1949, isbecoming more and more powerful.要留意区分以下几个句子的不同(1) His brother who is now a doctor alwaysencourages him to college.他那当医生的哥哥常激励他要考上高校。(他还有其他的哥哥)(2) His brother, who is now a doctor,always encourages him to go to college.他的哥哥是当医生的，常激励他要考上高
12、校。(他只有一个哥哥)难点分析(一)定语从句中的几个特别的用法一)限制性定语从句只能用that的几种状况1.当先行词是anything, everything,nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some,no, little, few, much等修饰时(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Lihas said?(2) All that can be done has been done.(3) There is littl
13、e that I can do for you.2. 当先行词被序数词修饰The first place that they visited in Londonwas the Big Ben.3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时This is the best film that I haveseen.4. 当先行词被the very, the only ,the same ,the last修饰时This is the very dictionary that I want tobuy,5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时(1) Who is the man that is s
14、tanding there?(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时Can you remember the scientist and his theorythat we have learned?二)留意用which不用that的状况1.在非限制性定语从句中(1)She madegreat progress and won a prize, which gave us a surprise.2.在介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，必需用which.(1) This is the knife with whic
15、h Johnhurt somebody.3.当关系词后面有插入语时(1) Here isthe ALD which, as I have told you, is a greathelp to you.三)在下列状况下，只许用关系代词who，而不用that:1.先行词为those, one, ones,anyone, people等时Those who are from Qingdao come this way.2.当先行词后有较长的后置定语时，或定语从句被分隔时。A teacher will come tomorrow who will teach youGerman.3.当先行词是用-body或-one构成的不定代词时，关系代词多用whoIs there anybody else who should be invited.4.当先
