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1、懂嘛英语怎么说看得懂英语，但写不出英语句子怎么办？ 你在写作时可能会碰到一个问题：很多文章明明读起来很简单，为何自己动笔时却写不出那样的文字？对这一问题浅显的解释是：这些文章只是表面上看起来很简单，但实际上里面包含很多知识点，假如阅读时关注点不对，就很轻易错过它们。大家在阅读时更多关注内容本身。她们在读完一篇英语小说后很长一段时间内会记得小说的情节和关键人物，但极少关注文章的语言，这造成她们几乎记不住文章里面有哪些好词好句和语法知识点。即使阅读时只关注内容能让我们更加快获取信息，但从语言学习的角度出发，这种阅读方法对写作和口语提升的帮助却很有限，因为整个过程中并没有多少语言知识点能够真正内化，
2、为我们所用。所以，要做到从“读得懂”到“写得出”的转变，关键还是要在阅读时多将关注点放在语言本身。举个例子：Middle-aged men from disadvantaged backgrounds are twice as likely to be single as those from rich families, according to a new study.上面这句话很轻易了解：比起那些来自富裕家庭的中年男人，贫困背景出身的中年男人有两倍的可能性会单身。但大家这句话读完也就过去了，没有留心到一个看起来很简单句式：somebody is XX times as likely to
3、 do something as somebody，这是一个比较结构。实际上这一句式能够很方便地用在多种场所中，比如：(1) Studies show that students in the city are three times as likely to go to college as their rural counterparts.(2) Teenagers from poor backgrounds in the United States are twice as likely to end up behind bars as those from well-off famil
4、ies.通常情况下，一篇英语文章不论看起来多简单，假如你仔细研究的话，里面肯定会有部分值得我们学习的知识点，而我们要做的就是找出这些知识点并将它们变成自己的东西（这一过程实际上就是精读）。这里再举一个例子，来自The Economist的一个文章开头片段：BARUUD ABOKOR has lived in Baligubadle for the past four decades. Before settling in this remote Somali town abutting the border with Ethiopia, he roamed widely. “I was mas
5、ter of myself,” he says. “The economy was good and I had many animals.” But over the years successive droughts, and war between the breakaway region of Somaliland that he inhabits and the central government down south in Mogadishu, have taken their toll. His herd of more than 100 sheep has shrunk to
6、 a dozen. Somaliland, like elsewhere in the Horn of Africa, has this year suffered from the worst drought in living memory. But Mr Abokor is staying put.下面加标注的是全部值得注意的语言点：BARUUD ABOKOR has lived in Baligubadle for the past four decades. Before settling in this remote Somali townabutting the border w
7、ith Ethiopia, he roamed widely. “I was master of myself,” he says. “The economy was good and I had many animals.” But over the yearssuccessive droughts, and war between the breakaway region of Somaliland that he inhabitsand the central government down south in Mogadishu, have taken their toll. His h
8、erd of more than 100 sheep has shrunk to a dozen. Somaliland, like elsewhere in the Horn of Africa, has this year suffered from the worst drought in living memory. But Mr Abokor is staying put.（1）settle in somewhere是指“在某地安定下来”，比如：In China, tens of millions of migrant workers have settled in big citi
9、es since the reform and opening-up policy was implemented three decades ago.（2）abut是一个生词，它是指土地或建筑物邻接，毗连（to be next to or touching an area or building），abut在这里用得很准。（3）roam是指漫无目标的闲逛，游荡，剑桥词典里面有这么的例句：She roamed around America for a year, working in bars and restaurants.她花了一年的时间在美国各地游历，一路在酒吧和饭店里打工。（4）I w
10、as master of myself.即“我以前是自己命运的主人”，注意这句话用的是过去时was，而不是am，这意味着主人公现在已经不能像以前那样决定自己的命运了（原因在下文有提到）。（5）over the years看起来足够简单，但写作时能够用的人还真不多。它的含义是“这些年来”，比如：We have had a lot of fun over the years.这些年来我们过得很快乐。（6）successive droughts是指“连续不停的干旱”，要表示“连续三天下雪”，能够说：It snowed for three successive days.（7）the breakawa
11、y region of Somaliland是指“从索马里兰脱离出去的地域”。（8）inhabit是“居住”的意思，但它比live更为正式。（9）something takes its toll (on something)是一个固定搭配，含义是“造成不利影响”，它能够用来替代have a negative effect on something，比如在写环境污染的话题时能够说：Traffic fumes contribute to air pollution in the city, taking a toll on peoples health.（10）这里你仔细读的话会注意到his he
12、rd of more than 100 sheep后面用的是has，而不是have，这里his herd of more than 100 sheep是当成一个整体来了解，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数。（11）in living memory是一个固定使用方法，含义是“在大家的记忆中”，比如：the coldest winter in living memory大家记忆中最严寒的冬天（12）stay put也是一个固定使用方法，含义是“留在原地不动”，比如：Nigel says for the moment he is very happy to stay put in Lyon.奈杰尔说现在她很愿意留在里昂。做精读时能够根据上面的方法去分析学习，但同时要注意的一点是，这么的分析会比较耗时，假如对每篇文章全部这么操作不太现实。一个比很好的方法是天天选择三到四段文本做精读，掌握其中的知识点。平时泛读也要有留心语言点的习惯，而不但仅是关注小说本身，这么才能真正学到东西。
