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1、英语词法专题讲座十一：非谓语动词一、动词不定式1. 动词不定式作宾语。1). 在动词 want, hope, would like, decide, wish,choose, try, need 等后常用动词不定式作宾语。I hope _(hear)from you soon.2). think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sthHe found it difficult _(get) to sleep.3). stop to do sth / stop doing sthstop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正
2、在做的 事。After working for a long time, He has to stop _(have ) a rest.He was very tired, so he had to stop _(work).2. 动词不定式作宾语补。1). 带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth Please ask him _(come) quickly.2). 省掉 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/w
3、atch+sb +do sth注：省掉 to 的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原 to. He made the baby _(stop) crying.The baby was made _ _ crying.3. 动词不定式作主语1). 动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2). 常用 it 作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n =It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sthTo get an injection is a little painful._ a little painful _ _ an injec
4、tion(注射).4. 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后名词或代词+to do+(介词)注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的 介词。I want a pen to write _.I want a piece of paper to write _.5. 动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词+ to do sth注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化 为“疑问词+to do sth”.Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital?Can you tell me _ _ _ the hospital.6. 动
5、词不定式可作状语1). 动词不定式可作目的状语在 come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。 He came here _(get)his book.2). 动词不定式可作原因状语表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动 词不定式连用作原因状语He was glad _(see) his wife.3). 动词不定式可作结果状语在 tooto , not enough to 句型中的动词不定式作结果 状语。He was too tired _(walk) on.7. 动词不定式作表语be + to do sth注：动
6、词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。 Her wish is _(become) a doctor._ _ is her wish.8. 动词不定式的否定形式在动词不定式的前面加 not.He told me _(not stay) here.9. 动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。1). 动词不定式符号的省略情况若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省 略，其余的省掉 to.但两者有对比关系时，to 都不能省略。 Edisons mother taught him to write and read.I havent decided to go home or to
7、go to the cinema.2) 省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号 to 的情况。Will you take a walk with me ? Im glad to.Would you like to join my birthday party ?I would love to.二、动名词1. 动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Reading in bed _(be) bad for your eyes.2. 有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动名词作宾语。三、现在分词1. 现在分词常放在 see, hear, watch, notice 等之后作宾补。 I saw the
8、boy_(play)in the street just now.2. 现在分词作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现在分词短语要放在 被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping.Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li?3. 现在分词表伴随情况He came into the classroom, carrying a book.四、过去分词1. 作宾补have /get +sth +done 表示请别
9、人干某事I had my TV repaired last night.2. 作定语单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短 语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。 Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?Have you ever read any books _ _ written by Luxun? 3. 作表语过去分词作表语已经形容词化My cup is broken.英语词法专题讲座十一：非谓语动词一、动词不定式1. 动词不定式作宾语。1). 在动词 want, hope, would like, deci
10、de, wish,choose, try, need 等后常用动词不定式作宾语。I hope _(hear)from you soon.2). think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sthHe found it difficult _(get) to sleep.3). stop to do sth / stop doing sthstop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。After working for a long time, He has to stop _(have ) a rest. He
11、was very tired, so he had to stop _(work).2. 动词不定式作宾语补。1). 带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth Please ask him _(come) quickly.2). 省掉 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth注：省掉 to 的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原 to.He made the baby _(stop) c
12、rying.The baby was made _ _ crying.3. 动词不定式作主语1). 动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2). 常用 it 作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n =It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sthTo get an injection is a little painful._ a little painful _ _ an injection(注射).4. 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后名词或代词+to do+(介词)注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其
13、后加上相应的介词。I want a pen to write _.I want a piece of paper to write _.5. 动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问词+ to do sth注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词 +to do sth”.Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital?Can you tell me _ _ _ the hospital.6. 动词不定式可作状语1). 动词不定式可作目的状语在 come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。He came here _(ge
14、t)his book.2). 动词不定式可作原因状语表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原 因状语He was glad _(see) his wife.3). 动词不定式可作结果状语在 tooto , not enough to 句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。He was too tired _(walk) on.7. 动词不定式作表语be + to do sth注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。Her wish is _(become) a doctor._ _ is her wish.8. 动词不定式的否
