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1、2022年考博英语-河北农业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Although _ happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.问题1选项A.whatB.whichC.howD.it【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句。句意：尽管发生在那个发达国家的事情听起来像科幻小说，但它也可能发生在世界其他地方。横线加happened in that developed country部分为主语从句，发生的事件用what作先行词，所以A选
2、项what符合题意。因此A选项正确。2. 翻译题1. Many Americans harbor a grossly distorted and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food.2. Researchers who are unfamiliar with the cultural and ethnic groups they are studying must take extra precautions to shed any biases they bring with them from their own c
3、ulture.3. The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature.4. Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we
4、 use are understood by everyone.5. Our linguistic (语言上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.【答案】1. 很多美国人持有严重扭曲且夸张的观点，即大多数食物都存在安全问题。2.
5、 研究者如果不熟悉所研究的文化和族群，那就要特别注意，不要附加来自其自身文化的任何偏见。3. MBA诞生于20世纪，在绿树成荫的大学校园里，纯学术学科如哲学和文学占主导地位，而MBA往往标志着低俗的商业铜臭和贪婪。4. 我们的文化让大多数美国人不仅认为我们的语言通用，而且我们所使用的手势也人人可以理解。5. 我们对语言和文化所知甚少，也不在意其他国家已经形成的爱好、肢体语言、风俗和语言，这正使我们失去全球性的朋友，错过商机，丧失威信。3. 单选题He had been ill for months, and we were disturbed by his _ complexion.问题1选项
6、A.darkB.sallowC.fairD.white【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项dark“黑暗的；深色的”；B选项sallow“（人的皮肤或面色）蜡黄色的”；C选项fair“白皙的”；D选项white“白色的”。句意：他病了好几个月了，我们为他_而不安。根据语境，这里指生病许久，身体应该是虚弱的，B选项sallow“（人的皮肤或面色）蜡黄色的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题Eating too much fat can _ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.问题1选项A.contribute toB.attribute
7、 toC.attend toD.devote to【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项contribute to“（造成某情况）的一个原因”；B选项attribute to“把归因于”；C选项attend to“处理；照料”；D选项devote to“献身于；作专用”。句意：摄入太多脂肪会_心脏病和引起高血压。根据语境，摄入太多脂肪是造成心脏病的原因之一，所以contribute to“（造成某情况）的一个原因”符合题意。因此A选项正确。5. 翻译题Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be
8、 solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn. (1) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states
9、of mind, feelings, traits of character, human, nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them. (2) The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly be
10、cause other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze. (3) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a litt
11、le more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to state
12、s of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore become available. It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional pre-scientific views, and these are strongly entrenched. Freedom and dignity illust
13、rate the difficulty. (4) They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and theyre essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the
14、achievement to the environment. It also raises questions concerning values. Who will use a technology and to what ends? (5) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.【答案】1难题在于所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特
15、征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。2行为科学之所以发展缓慢，部分原因是用来解释行为的依据似乎往往是直接观察到的，部分原因是其他的解释方式一直难以找到。3自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。4自由和尊严（它们）是传统理论定义的自主的人所拥有的，是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。5（如果）这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的唯一方式可能也随之继续受到排斥。6. 单选题All factories and mines are _ by government officials.问题1选项A.examinedB.surveyedC.inspectedD.investigated【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项examined“（仔细）检查；考察”；B选项surveyed“勘测；民意调查；房屋鉴定”；C选项inspected“视察；查看”；D选项investigated“侦察”。句意：所有的工厂和矿山都由政府官员_。根据语境，government officials“政府官员”搭配inspected“
