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1、2022年考博英语-浙江工业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced tog
2、ether from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human interaction, long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to
3、 go on with it or not. There is an argument.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets any day on the issue of nuclear energy. The princi
4、pal discoveries in this century, all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance about nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, matters of absolute certaintyNewtonian mechanics, for examplehave slipped through our fingers, and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, co
5、smic uncertainties, ambiguities; some of the laws of physics are amended every few years, some are canceled outright, some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA m
6、olecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear, the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost
7、 unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond todays imagining.It is not just that there is more to do; there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or t
8、he improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.51. What CANT be inferred from the lst paragraph?52. Mans attitude toward scientific discoveries has alway
9、s been（ ）.53. Scientists have discovered in the past few years that（ ）.54. What was hailed as a biological revolution thirty years ago?55. The writers main purpose in writing this passage is to say that（ ）.问题1选项A.Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable item
10、s.B.For three hundred years there have been people holding hostile attitude toward science.C.For centuries scientific discoveries have been hailed by the human world unanimously.D.Three hundred years is not long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method.问题2选项A.suspiciousB
11、.undoubtingC.cynicalD.critical问题3选项A.the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessaryB.the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machineC.man actually knows nothing about DNAD.man has much to learn about DNA问题4选项A.Discovery of the structure of DNA.B.The decoding of the linear language.C.The mechanical d
12、evice found in the human cell.D.The unbelievable complexity of DN问题5选项A.science has greatly improved mans lifeB.science is far from perfect in exploration of the worldC.science has reached its climax in many fieldsD.science has done too little to human beings【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B【解析】51.事实细节题
13、。根据题干关键词定位到第一段，第一段讲述了科学相关的历史，定位到倒数第二句话Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human interaction, long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not.（对于测试一种人类互动的新方法来说，三百年似乎太长了，足够让人们回
14、过头来对科学方法进行批判性评估，甚至可能足够让人们投票决定是否继续使用它。）通过这句话可以得出，三百年的时候足够长，以至于人们开始批判性的评估科学了，因此C选项“几个世纪以来，科学发现一直受到人类世界的一致欢迎”，是和文章不符合的，因为科学已经开始被质疑了，因此C选项当选。A选项“过去三百年的科学实验产生了许多有价值的东西”，是文章中提到的；B选项“三百年来，有人对科学持敌对态度”，是文章的观点；D选项“三百年的时间不足以让我们回过头来对科学方法进行批判性的评价”，这个虽然与原文看似不符合，但是后文有一句There is an argument.“但是这是有争议的。”可以看出这句话是有争议的，
15、因此D选项是有争议的，不当选。52.根据题干定位到第二段的最后一句some of the laws of physics are amended every few years，some are canceled outright, some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.（有些物理定律每隔几年就会被修改，有些被彻底取消，有些经过了立法意图的修订，就好像它们是国会的法案一样。）可以得知人类对待科学发现并不认为它们是完美无缺的，而是不断修正、摈弃，甚至采取立法手段加以
16、规范的，因此D选项“批判的”正确。A选项“怀疑的”；B选项“毋庸置疑的”；C选项“愤世嫉俗的”都不正确。53.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段的最后一句话But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond todays imagining.（但就在最近几年，它已经变得几乎令人难以置信的复杂，充满了奇怪的部分，其功能超出了今天的想象。）可知，人们对于DNA的研究还所知甚少，因此D选项“关于DNA，人类还有很多要学习”正确。A选项“将DNA暴露给公众是
