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1、2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The great flames（ ）through the darkness.问题1选项A.glaredB.shoneC.shotD.flared【答案】D【解析】glare怒视，瞪眼；shine闪耀，多指光照，光线等；shoot射击；flare闪耀，多指火焰等。句意：巨大的火焰在夜空中闪耀。所以选项D正确。2. 单选题A magicians talk creates a（ ）of attention so that people do not see how he does his tricks.问题1选
2、项A.vacuumB.concentrationC.divisionD.diversion【答案】D【解析】vacuum真空；concentration集中；division区分；diversion转移，分散注意力。句意：魔术师的谈话转移了人们的注意力，使人们看不见他是如何表演魔术的。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题In the second half of each year, many powerful storms are born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean seas. Of these, only about a half a dozen
3、 generate the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that give them hurricane status, and several usually make their way to the coast. There they cause millions of dollars of damage, and bring death to large numbers of people.The great storms that hit the coast start as innocent circlin
4、g disturbances hundredseven thousandsof miles out to sea. As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds. When conditions are just right, warm, moist air flows in at the bottom of such a disturbance, moves upward through it and comes out at
5、 the top. In the process, the moisture in this warm air produces rain, and with it the heat that is converted to energy in the form of strong winds. As the heat increases, the young hurricane begins to swirl in a counter-clockwise motion.The average life of a hurricane is only about nine days, but i
6、t contains almost more power than we can imagine. The energy in the heat released by a hurricanes rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six months. Water, not wind, is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane. A typical h
7、urricane brings 6 to 12-inch downpours resulting in sudden floods. Worst of all is the powerful movement of the seathe mountains of water moving toward the low-pressure hurricane center. The water level rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves toward shore.1. When is a storm considered to b
8、e a hurricane?2. The underlined “innocent circling disturbances” in Paragraph 2 means _.3. The underlined “it” in “moves upward through it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _.4. Strong winds are produced because of _.5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?问题1选项A.When it is accompanied by wind
9、.B.When it is accompanied by both wind and rain.C.When its circling winds move at 75 miles per hour or even more.D.When the circling winds bring damages.问题2选项A.innocent people causing small disturbancesB.innocent people causing big disturbancesC.damaging circling windsD.harmless circling winds问题3选项A
10、.a disturbanceB.moist airC.trade windD.water问题4选项A.the young hurricaneB.the heat generated along with rainC.a disturbanceD.moist air问题5选项A.The Hurricaneits harms and benefits.B.The origin and effects of hurricane.C.The hurricane and its great energy.D.The disasters caused by hurricanes.【答案】第1题:C第2题:
11、D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.事实细节题。精确定位根据题干定位到第一段第二句Of these, only about a half a dozen generate the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that give them hurricane status（其中只有大约一半形成至少每小时75英里的强烈旋风，这创造了它们成了飓风的重要条件。），可知C选项“当旋风以至少每小时75英里的速度移动时”正确。排除干扰项A选项“当有风时”：当风速达到一定程度才能算飓风，属于偷换概念。B选项“当风雨交加时”：是
12、否有雨不是判断是否为飓风的条件，属于无中生有。D选项“当旋风带来损害时”：这是飓风的影响而非定义，属于偷换概念。2.词汇推断题。1. 句中前后信息衔接根据题干定位到第二段第一句The great storms that hit the coast start as innocent circling disturbances hundredseven thousandsof miles out to sea.（侵袭海岸的大风暴最先在海岸几百甚至几千英里外做无害的盘旋干扰。）2. 上下文语义衔接下文提到旋风开始在海面游移，当暖空气中的水分变成雨，随着热量增加，风开始逆时针旋转形成飓风。综上，这里
13、指的是旋风在真正转化成飓风之前不会带来损害，D选项“无害的旋风”正确。排除干扰项A选项“无恶意之人造成轻微的干扰”和B选项“无恶意之人造成严重的干扰”：这里说的是大自然中的飓风，跟人没有关系，属于无中生有。C选项“破坏性的旋风”：风远离海岸时强度没有那么大，不会造成损害，属于反向干扰。3.词汇推断题。句中前后信息衔接根据题干定位到第二段第三句When conditions are just right, warm, moist air flows in at the bottom of such a disturbance, moves upward through it and comes
14、out at the top.（如果条件成熟，温暖潮湿的空气流入这股风暴的底部，在风暴内向上运动，又从顶部流出。）这里讲的是湿热空气的运动轨迹，主语是air，谓语动词是flows、moves和comes，宾语是disturbance，it指的是前面的disturbance，A选项disturbance“干扰”正确。排除干扰项B选项“潮湿的空气”：湿热的空气是主语，是动作的发出者，而不是承受者，属于曲解原文。C选项“信风”：对应第二段第二句they are carried westward by the trade winds（信风把它们吹向西边），这里指的是风暴在海面游移的时候，信风改变风向，
15、而不是纵向运动，属于张冠李戴。D选项“水”：对应第二段第四句In the process, the moisture in this warm air produces rain（在这过程中，暖空气中的水分生成雨），这里阐述水分如何变成雨水，没有讲水的运动轨迹，属于张冠李戴。4.推理判断题。找句内线索根据题干定位到第二段倒数第二句In the process, the moisture in this warm air produces rain, and with it the heat that is converted to energy in the form of strong winds.（在这过程中，热空气中的水分生成雨，随着温度上升，会以狂风的形式转化为能量。）可知热量促成雨水的生成，也产生狂风，B选项“带来雨的热量”正确。排除干扰项A选项“刚产生的飓风”：对应到第二段最后一句As the heat increases, the young hurricane begins to swirl in a counter-c
