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1、2022年考博英语-外交学院考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题He is sitting in the catbird（ ）.问题1选项A.seatB.nestC.positionD.den【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语搭配。sit in the catbird seat“处于必胜无疑的地位”。句意：他处于必胜无疑的地位。因此A选项正确。2. 单选题He sat there swigging beer and smoking.问题1选项A.suckingB.lappingC.GulpingD.sipping【答案】D【解析】考查同义动词辨析。A选项sucking“吸，吮吸”
2、；B选项lapping“舔，折叠”；C选项“狼吞虎咽地吃，大口地吸”；D选项sipping“啜饮”。句意：他坐在那里大口喝啤酒，抽烟。Swigging“大口喝，痛饮，畅饮”，D选项与该词意思最相近，因此D选项正确。3. 单选题After the Democratic shellacking in the midterm election, everyone wondered how President Obama would respond.问题1选项A.fanfareB.fiascoC.facadeD.fantasy【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项fanfare“（仪式上庆祝或欢迎重要
3、人物到场时）号角齐鸣，嘹亮短曲；大张旗鼓宣扬，热议”；B选项fiasco“惨败；大惨败；泥鸽靶”；C选项facade“正面；表面；外观”；D选项fantasy“幻想；白日梦；幻觉”。句意：民主党在中期选举中落败后，每个人都想知道奥巴马总统会作何反应。shellacking“殴打；彻底击败”，B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。4. 单选题The senator was accused of waffling on major issues.问题1选项A.vaguingB.stiffeningC.vacillatingD.reshuffling【答案】A【解析】考查同义形容词辨析。A选项va
4、guing“模糊的，含糊的，不明确的，暧昧的”；B选项stiffening“变硬，（使）变粘稠”；C选项vacillating“踌躇的，摇摆的”；D选项reshuffling“重新安排，重新排序”。句意：这位参议员被指责在重大问题上含糊其辞。Waffling“优柔寡断的，模糊不清的”，A选项与该词意思最相近，因此A选项正确。5. 单选题What will（ ）lead to?问题1选项A.the policy of the governmentsB.this policy of the governmentsC.this policy of a governmentsD.the policy
5、of a governments【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。双重属格的第一个名词不可以使用表示确定特指的the，但可以使用this。第二个名词词组则不可以用表示不确定特指的a，只能用the。句意：政府的这一政策将导致什么？因此B选项正确。6. 单选题I didnt read the blurb; I（ ）straight into the first chapter.问题1选项A.divedB.ranC.plungedD.read【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项dive into“迅速把手伸入；投入；一心投入；跳入（指的是跳水标准动作，运动员的那种头朝下的）”；B选项run in
6、to“遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇见”；C选项plunge into“投入；跳入（主要指暴力一些的进入，比如车失控冲进水里；人郁闷地把头埋进冷水盆里）；突然或仓促地开始某事；猛冲；使突然陷入；纵身投入”；D选项read into“曲解；加上另外的意思于；隐藏某种意义”。句意：我没有读简介，直接仓促地开始读第一章。因此C选项正确。7. 单选题A rapid means of long distance transportation became a necessity for the United States settlement spread ever farther westward.
7、The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safer, effective stopping system.Once these were solved, the railro
8、ad was established as the best means of land transportation. By 1860s there were thousands of miles or railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines.The high point in railroad building came with the constr
9、uction of the first transcontinental system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with Pacific. The Government help
10、ed the railroads generously with money and land. Actual work on this project from California used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1896 they met at place call
11、ed Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came there for the great occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parade and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. It also h
12、elped build up industry and fanning by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets. In linking towns and people to one another it helped unify the United States.1. The major problems with Americas railroad system in the mid-19th century lay in（ ）.2. The building of t
13、he first transcontinental system（ ）.3. The best title for this passage would be（ ）.4. The construction of the transcontinental railroad took（ ）.5. What most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad?问题1选项A.poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systemsB.lack of financial support
14、 for developmentC.limited railroad linesD.lack of transcontinental railroad问题2选项A.brought about a rapid growth of industry and fanning in the westB.attracted many visitors to the construction sitesC.attracted labors form EuropeD.encouraged people to travel all over the country问题3选项A.settlements spre
15、ad westwardB.the coast-to-coast railroad: a vital linkC.American railroad historyD.the importance of railroads in the American economy问题4选项A.9 yearsB.7 yearsC.4 yearsD.3 years问题5选项A.The possibility of government support for such a task.B.The need to explore Utah.C.The need to connect the east coast with the west.D.The need to develop the railroad industry in the west.【答案】第1题:A第
