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1、2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Most people choose a（ ）lawyer on the basis of such consideration as his post, his field of expertise, and the fees he charges.问题1选项A.humanisticB.irrelevantC.personalD.pragmatic【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析。句意：大多数人会选择一个 的律师，基于他的岗位、专业经验和支付费用等进行考虑。humanistic人性的；irrelevant不相干的；
2、personal私人的；pragmatic实际的，实用主义的。故选D。2. 单选题The original elections were declared（ ）by the former military ruler.问题1选项A.voidB.vulgarC.surplusD.extravagant【答案】A【解析】形容词辨析。句意：最初的选举由前军事统治者宣布 。Void 无效的；vulgar 庸俗的；surplus多余的；extravagant 奢侈的。因此，A项void符合句意。3. 写作题Some universities and colleges in China require t
3、heir PhD students to publish research papers in English. Write an essay of no less than 150 words about your opinion on this requirements.【答案】Publishing Papers in English Benefit Students4. 翻译题As Apple prepares to report what (analysts project) may be the companys first year-over-year quarterly earn
4、ings decline in a decade on Tuesday, it is also grappling with jittery investors and a recent share-price plunge that has wiped about $280 billion off its market capitalization since its stock reached a high of $702. 10 last September.（1） Much of the investor nervousness is rooted in how Wall Street
5、 is treating and valuing the Cupertino, Calif., company as a traditional hardware maker. One camp of analysts and some investors said there is strong evidence that Apple should be viewed in a different light: as a software hardware hybrid.The distinction matters. If it continues to be seen as a hard
6、ware business, Apples streak driven by products like the iPhone and iPad could run out quickly as smartphones and tablets get commoditized and consumer tastes change. （2 ） It is a lesson learned by companies like BlackBerry-maker Research In Motion Ltd., whose tech hardware was quickly eclipsed by p
7、roducts from Apple itself.If Apple is classified as a software-hardware hybrid, the company could be valued more like Internet and software makers that have recurring revenue streams and that often trade at higher price-to-earnings ratios than hardware firms.“The market views Apple as a consumer har
8、dware company tied to product cycles that drive volatile revenue and earnings streams, says Morgan Stanley analyst Katy Huberty. （3 ） But that view isnt complete, she says, since “Apple customers buy into a brand that offers ease of use similar to companies like A or enterprise companies like NetApp
9、.”An Apple spokesman declined to comment ahead of Tuesdays earning report.With Wall Street categorizing Apple as a hardware maker, investors value the company which made an astounding $13 billion in profits in the quarter ended in December at 8. 6 times expected earnings per share for the next 12 mo
10、nths. Investors are currently valuing Hewlett-Packard Co., which made $1.2 billion in profits during its most recent quarter, at a price-to-earnings ratio of 5. 6. Troubled PC maker Dell Inc., whose stock price inflated after signing a buyout deal earlier this year, trades at a P/E ratio of 8. 5.App
11、les gross margins are around 40%, an important-measure of the companys efficiency at making money. That is roughly twice as high as H-Ps and Dells. Apple has characteristics that differ from many other hardware businesses. （4） Its customers often upgrade their Apple products annually, far more frequ
12、ently than the four-year PC upgrade cycles typically found at tech hardware businesses including Hewlett-Packard or Dell. While H-P and Dell have tried beefing up the enterprise software side of their business, Apples operating system and iTunes software is already ubiquitous. （5） Apple also has mor
13、e than 500 million accounts for its App Store tied to credit cards and a customer base to sell new services to giving it a recurring software and services revenue stream. Apple took in revenue of $3. 7 billion from iTunes and other software and services in its last quarter, or 7% of its total revenu
14、e.【答案】1. 大部分投资者的紧张情绪源于华尔街将加州库比蒂诺的（苹果）公司定位和评价为传统硬件制造公司。2. 很多公司例如蓝莓制造商RIM公司都受到了教训，他们的硬件技术很快就被苹果自主研发的产品淘汰。3. 但是这种观点是不全面的，她说，因为“苹果用户购买的是一个品牌，它可以为他们提供类似于亚马逊或者NetAPP这样的企业所提供的便捷服务”。4. 该公司的用户经常会每年都更新他们的苹果产品，远远超过了包括惠普或戴尔在内的技术硬件企业中普遍存在的四年更新一次个人电脑的频率。5. 在它的APP商店里，苹果拥有超过5亿个绑定了信用卡的账户，以及一个可以销售新服务的客户群，这给它带来一个循环性软件
15、和服务的收入流。5. 单选题The differences between the male and female of this species become more（ ） with age.问题1选项A.divisibleB.pronouncedC.dictatedD.assured【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析。这一物种雄性和雌性之间的差异随着年龄的增加变得越发（ ） 。divisible可分的，可分割的；pronounced显著的，断然的，讲出来的；dictated 口述的；assured确定的，自信的。此题中与“差异”搭配的形容词，只有选项B“显著的”符合句意。6. 写作题Directions: “The purpose of education should be to create an academic environment that is separate from the outside world. This kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back bypractical concerns. ”Do yo
