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1、2022年考博英语-厦门大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The British historian Niall Ferguson speculated that the end of American_might not fuel an orderly shift to a multipolar system.问题1选项A.domainB.hegemonyC.sovereigntyD.preference【答案】B【解析】domain领地,领域; hegemony霸权; sovereignty主权,君主; preference偏爱, 优先权。句意：英国历史学家Niall
2、 Ferguson推测, 美国霸权主义的终结可能不会推动美国向多极体系的有序转变。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题Since the early 1990s, conservationists have_protecting the Amazon in part because of its abundance of plant and animal species.问题1选项A.called forthB.called backC.called upD.called for【答案】D【解析】called forth引起, 唤起; called back召回; called up召集,提出; ca
3、lled for呼吁, 提倡。句意：自从1990年起, 环保人士一直呼吁保护亚马逊, 因为该地区有着丰富的动植物物种。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题He had scarcely left the railway station_it started to rain.问题1选项A.thanB.thenC.whenD.since【答案】C【解析】scarcely when为固定用法, 表示一.就.。句意：他一离开火车站就开始下起了雨。选项C正确。4. 单选题As welfare reform has_millions of single mothers like Patino into the w
4、orkforce since 1996, questions about its effects on families have loomed large.问题1选项A.nudgedB.propelledC.divestedD.bumped【答案】B【解析】nudge轻推, 唠叨; propel推进, 驱使; divest剥夺; bump碰撞。句意：自1996年以来, 福利改革推动了数以百万计的像帕蒂诺这样的单身母亲加入到劳动力大军中, 福利改革对家庭影响的问题日益突出。选项B符合句意。5. 单选题CNBC,the cable business network,and the New Yor
5、k Times have joined forces to create an alliance against a common_: Rupert Murdochs News Corp.问题1选项A.voidB.foeC.cockpitD.gist【答案】B【解析】void空间,空虚; foe反对者, 敌人,对手; cockpit驾驶员座舱, 战场; gist主旨,要点。句意：有线商业网络CNBC（消费者新闻与商业频道）和纽约时报联手创建了一个联盟来对抗共同的竞争对手: Rupert Murdoch的新闻集团。选项B符合句意。6. 案例题Tourists are guilty, so we
6、are frequently told, of a number of crimes: upsetting the ecological balance of Mount Himalayas,parking wads of chewing gum under the benches of museums and art galleries, wearing unsuitable T-shirts in Notre Dame, debauching the local peasantry and generally lowering the tone of everywhere they cho
7、ose to set their benighted feet. Rarely has a group of people been so widely reviled,and I am one of them. So are you. Ive been a tourist in Provence for about 15 years now often on the receiving end of criticism or mild abuse from people who accuse me of having ruined the region by writing about it
8、. Curiously,these complaints,which are sometimes offensive and invariably very shrill,do not come from the Provence themselves,who seem to regard me as a fairly benevolent oddity,but from my fellow tourists.From their vantage points in London or Brussels or Boston,they deplore what they say has happ
9、ened to Provence. They know,from investigations carried out during their brief annual vacations,that Provence has changed. The markets are more crowded,the prices have gone up,the restaurants are full, the sunniest cafe tables are taken,bakers run out of bread,waiters run out of patience,there is no
10、where to park and nobodybut nobodycan be found to fix a leaking pool.Mass tourism in Provence started more than 2,600 years ago with the arrival of Greeks from Phocea, who founded Marseille. They were a civilizing influence and provided jobs for the locals, and could therefore be described as accept
11、able tourists. So were the Romans, who built the monuments and viaducts and amphitheaters that we still enjoy. Then came a bad patch,with the arrival of Visigoths, Ostrogoths and Franks. They amused themselves by terrifying the inhabitants and ravaging the countryside. Here, perhaps, is where it had
12、 its start: the reputation of tourists as slobs.After many years of on-the-spot observation, I would like to put in a good word for this much-maligned species. The overwhelming majority of these visitors are amiable and considerate people who want nothing more than quiet enjoyment. They have come to
13、 Provence for sunshine and spectacular scenery, for the food and the wine,for a pleasant break from real life. Of course there are crowds,particularly in July and August,but these tend to be confined to the towns and postcard villages. For those who want solitude,beautiful and empty countryside is o
14、nly a short drive away.Personally, I have never found the tourist season intolerable; indeed,there is reason to be grateful for some of its effects. If it werent for the money that tourism brings,many of the chateaux and gardens open to the public would become derelict; monuments would be left to cr
15、umble; many restaurants could never survive on local custom alone; it wouldnt be worth putting on concerts or village fetes. Rural life would be the poorer.Obviously,this is not true everywhere. Some parts of the world have been so thoroughly overexploited that they have lost whatever charm they once possessed. This is usually the result of local greed; but the tourist,not the rapacious developer,gets most of the blame.The passage below summarizes the main points of the passage. Read t
