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1、2022年考博英语-中国传媒大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题You may put（）on the wheel to make it turn more easily.问题1选项A.fatB.greaseC.oilD.cream【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。fat“脂肪”；grease“油脂，润滑油”；oil“石油，油画材料”；cream“奶油，乳脂”。根据句意可知，涂在轮子上的应该是润滑油，所以选项B正确。2. 单选题The thieves didnt know that they were deceived until the fake diamond turned ou
2、t to be （）.问题1选项A.valuableB.valuelessC.invaluableD.priceless【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项valuable “很重要的;宝贵的;”；B选项valueless “没有价值的;不值钱的”；C选项invaluable “极有用的;极宝贵的”；D选项priceless “无价的;极珍贵的”。句意：直到最后发现那颗假钻石毫无价值，窃贼才知道自己上当受骗了。根据关键词“假钻石”可知B符合句意。3. 单选题Many animals have（）that help them escape from their enemies. The co
3、ats of some animals are colored to adapt to its surroundings.问题1选项A.adaptationsB.acquisitionsC.adjustmentsD.additions【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。adaptation “适应”; acquisition “获得，收购”; adjustment “调整，调节”；addition “添加，增加”。that后面是一个定语从句，用来修饰空格处的名词，“帮助它们逃脱敌人”，由此可知选项A符合题意。句意：很多动物具有适应性，能够帮助它们逃脱敌人。有些动物的皮毛能够适应周边环境而变色。
4、4. 单选题He made a rough（）of the first floor of that building, showing us where his office was located.问题1选项A.paintingB.illustrationC.drawingD.sketch【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项painting“绘画，油画”。B选项illustration“插图，例证”。C选项drawing“绘 画，绘图”。D选项sketch“略图，素描”。句意：他画了一幅大楼一楼的草图，告诉我们他的办公室在哪里。因此D选项符合题。5. 翻译题Generation Joble
5、ssThe number of young people out of work globally is nearly as big as the population of the United StatesYOUNG people ought not to be idle. It is very bad for them, said Margaret Thatcher in 1984. She was right: there are few worse things that society can do to its young than to leave them in limbo.
6、1. Those who start their careers on the dole are more likely to have lower wages and more spells of joblessness later in life, because they lose out on the chance to acquire skills and self-confidence in their formative years.Yet more young people are idle than ever. OECD figures suggest that 26m 15
7、- to 24-year-oids in developed countries are not in employment, education or training; the number of young people without a job has risen by 30% since 2007. The International Labour Organisation reports that 75m young people globally are looking for a job. World Bank surveys suggest that 262m young
8、people in emerging markets are economically inactive. Depending on how you measure them, the number of young people without a job is nearly as large as the population of America (31. lm).2. Two factors play a big part. First, the long slowdown in the West has reduced demand for labour, and it is eas
9、ier to put off hiring young people than it is to fire older workers. Second，in emerging economies population growth is fastest in countries with dysfunctional labour markets, such as India and Egypt.The result is an arc of unemployment*, from southern Europe through north Africa and the Middle East
10、to South Asia, where the rich worlds recession meets the poor worlds youth quake. The anger of the young jobless has already burst onto the streets in the Middle East. Violent crime, generally in decline in the rich world, is rising in Spain, Italy and Portugalcountries with startlingly high youth u
11、nemployment.Will growth give them a job?The most obvious way to tackle this problem is to reignite growth. That is easier said than done in a world plagued by debt, and is anyway only a partial answer. The countries where the problem is worst (such as Spain and Egypt) suffered from high youth unempl
12、oyment even when their economies were growing.3. Throughout the recession companies have continued to complain that they cannot find young people with the fight skills. This underlines the importance of two other solutions:reforming labour markets and improving education. These are familiar prescrip
13、tions, but ones that need to be delivered with both a new vigour and a new twist.Youth unemployment is often at its worst in countries with rigid labour markets. Cartelised industries, high taxes on hiring, strict rules about firing, high minimum wages: all these help condemn young people to the str
14、eet comer. South Africa has some of the highest unemployment south of the Sahara, in part because it has powerful trade unions and rigid rules about hiring and firing. Many countries in the arc of youth unemployment have high minimum wages and heavy taxes on labour. India has around 200 laws on work
15、 and pay.Deregulating labour markets is thus central to tackling youth unemployment. But it will not be enough on its own. Britain has a flexible labour market and high youth unemployment. In countries with better records, governments tend to take a more active role in finding jobs for those who are struggling. Germany, which has the second-lowest level of youth unemployment in the rich world, pays a proportion of the wages of the long term unemployed for the first two years. The Nordic countries provide young people with personalised plans. to get them into employment or training. B
