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1、wordFor office use onlyT1 T2 T3 T4 Team Control Number56731Problem ChosenBFor office use onlyF1 F2 F3 F4 2017MCM/ICMSummary Sheet(Your teams summary should be included as the first page of your electronic submission.)Type a summary of your results on this page. Do not include the name of your school
2、, advisor, or team members on this page.A New Type of Toll Plaza Based on Bionics-HoneybSummaryIn this paper, we analyze the performance of monly used toll plaza based on our proposed mathematical model. A new improved toll plaza is proposed to reduce the cost, decrease the probability of collision
3、at the merging point and increase the throughput.Thedistributionofourproposedtollboothsresemblesthehoneyb.Atthecenterofeachregular hexagonal honeyb, there are two tollbooths, which serve two separated vehicle streams. The vehicles in these two separated streams are merged in advance before they cont
4、inue their journey on the highway. Due to the specific pattern of the new toll plaza, the total area can be reduced significantly. Meanwhile, the average wasted time caused by queuing can be diminished, which means that the throughput will be raised. Additionally, by splitting the merging procedure
5、into two stages, the possibility of accidents can also bedecreased.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:(1) Thenewdesignedcellulararchitecturecangreatlyreducetheconstructionareaparedwith traditional linear distributed tollgates.(2) Weanalyzethethroughputoftollplazasbymeansofthequeuing
6、theory.Toverifyourtheory, wesimulatethebehaviorofthelargenumberofvehiclespassingthetollplazawiththehelpofPTV- VISSIM. Simulation results show that the ideal cellular distributed toll booths have better results pared with traditional toll stations, especially when the traffic flow is heavy, the avera
7、ge travel time reduced by about 55% and the average delay time of each lane is reduced by about70%.(3) We analyze the influence of the proportions of different types of tollbooths to our design. According to relevant documents, the impact of exact-change tollbooths is similar to manual tollbooths, s
8、o we only consider two kinds of tollbooths: human-staffed tollbooths and E-ZPass tollbooths. PTV-VISSIM simulation results show that full ETC tollbooth is 8 times faster than full MTC tollbooth.(4) We simulate the performance of the cellular toll plaza under different traffic throughput. Simulation
9、results show that the average transit time remains at about 11 seconds under different throughputsfrom0to2000(Unit:veh/h).Wecaninferthatthismodelisnotsensitivetotrafficflow variations and has strong robustness which is suitable for practicalconstruction.(5) Tofurtherreducethepossibilityofaccident,we
10、improvethecellulartollboothconceptmodel: make the transition zone more smooth and arrange different kinds of tollbooths moreequitable.(6) Forself-drivingvehicles,inthecenterofthetollplaza,wereservespecialE-ZPasstollbooths, which match the characteristics of autonomous vehicles: safer and faster.Elec
11、tronic toll collection and autonomous vehicles are the trends of modern transportation, our newdesignedmodelcanimprovetheperformanceoftollplazaintheaspectsofcost,throughputand accidentprevention.一种基于仿生蜂窝的新型收费广场概要在本文中，我们基于我们提出的数学模型分析了常用收费广场的表现。提出了一种新的改良的收费广场，以降低本钱，降低在合并点的碰撞概率，提高吞吐量。我们建议的收费站的分布类似于蜂窝。在
12、每个正六边形蜂窝的中心，有两个收费站，为两个别离的车流提供服务。这两条分开的河流中的车辆在高速公路上继续前行之前被合并。由于新收费广场的具体模式，总面积可以大大减少。同时，排队造成的平均浪费时间可以减少，这意味着吞吐量将会提高。另外，通过将合并过程分成两个阶段，也可以减少事故的可能性。本文的主要贡献如下：1与传统的线性分布式收费站相比，新设计的蜂窝式架构可以大大减少建筑面积。2通过排队论分析收费广场的吞吐量。为了验证我们的理论，我们在PTV-VISSIM的帮助下模拟了通过收费广场的大量车辆的行为。仿真结果明确，理想的蜂窝分布式收费站比传统收费站效果更好，特别是在交通流量大的情况下，平均出行时间
13、减少了约55，平均每个车道延误时间减少了约70。3分析不同类型收费站的比例对我们设计的影响。根据有关文件，准确改造收费站的影响与手动收费站类似，所以我们只考虑两种收费站：人力收费站和E-ZPass收费站。 PTV-VISSIM仿真结果显示，完整的ETC收费站比完整的MTC收费站快8倍。4模拟不同业务吞吐量下蜂窝收费广场的性能。仿真结果明确，在02000的不同吞吐量下，平均通过时间约为11秒单位：veh / h。我们可以推断出这个模型对交通流量变化不敏感，具有很强的鲁棒性，适用于实际建设。5为进一步降低事故发生的可能性，我们改良了蜂窝收费站的概念模型：使过渡区更加顺畅，并使不同种类的收费站更加平
14、等。6对于自驾车辆，在收费广场中央，我们预留了符合自动驾驶汽车特点的特殊E-ZPass收费车：更安全，更快捷。电子收费系统和自动驾驶汽车是现代交通运输的趋势，新设计的模式可以提高收费广场在本钱，吞吐量和事故预防方面的性能。 / I. Introduction1.1 ProblemBackgroundWith the number of vehicles increasing, expressway is confronted with great traffic pressure, especially at the toll plaza. The congestion problem at
15、the toll station bees more andmoreseriousduetotheoutdateddesign.Relatedresearchfoundthat36%ofthetotaltravel time in China is delay time caused by tolling 1. In addition, as a vehicle-intensive place, toll plaza has bee an accident-prone section because of the drivers improper operation2.With the wid
16、espread use of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) and E-ZPass, the efficiency of toll collection has been improved significantly and further the congestion at the toll plazais released. However, due to the high speed of the vehicles passing through the toll plaza, the probability of collision in the merging zone is increased.
