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1、2022年考博英语-浙江大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Today, cigarette smoking is a widespread habit. About 43 percent of the adult men and 31 percent of the adult women in the US smoke cigarettes regularly. It is encouraging to note, however, that millions of people have given up the smoking habit. 75 percent of the
2、 male population and 46 percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes at some time during their lives, but 26 percent of these men and 11 percent of the women have stopped smoking. The number of persons who have given up smoking is increasing.It is a fact that men as a group smoke more tha
3、n women. Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is the age group 24-44.Income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habits. City people smoke more than people living on farms. Well-educated men with high incomes are less li
4、kely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. On the other hand, if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes at all, he is likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day.The situation is somewhat different for women. There are slightly more smokers among
5、 women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.Among teenagers the picture is similar. There are fewer teenaged smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and fewer f
6、rom families living in farm areas. High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who do not plan to continue their education after high school. Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.1.What do we know from the first pa
7、ragraph?2.What determines a persons smoking habits?3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?4.What is the smoking situation for women?5.What can we say about teenage smokers?问题1选项A.More and more people take up the habit of smoking.B.There are more smoking women than smoking men in U
8、SAC.It is good news that more people have given up smoking.D.The US has more smoking people than any other city.问题2选项A.Age, income and educationB.Age, sex and income.C.Occupation, income and sexD.Profession, income and education问题3选项A.City people are less likely to smoke.B.People in rural areas are
9、more likely to smoke.C.Men with higher incomes tend to smoke.D.Well-educated men with high incomes are generally less likely to smoke.问题4选项A.The situation is quite the same for women as for men.B.Better-educated women are likely to smoke heavily.C.There are more women smokers with low incomes.D.Wome
10、n with higher incomes and higher education do not tend to smoke.问题5选项A.The picture about the teenage smokers is similar to that of women smokers.B.The situation among teenagers is quite the same with men.C.High school students are more likely to smoke than college students.D.Farmers children tend to
11、 smoke more.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.段落主旨题。第一段的最后一句为本文主旨句“The number of persons who have given upsmoking is increasing.”戒烟的人数正在增加。选项C符合原文。2.根据第三段的第一句“Income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habits.”一个人的收入，受教育程度以及职位都决定了其抽烟习惯。选项D与原文一一对应。3.细节判断题。根据第三
12、段的第三句“Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes.”选项D正确。4.细节事实题。根据题第四段的第二句“There are slightly more smokers among womenwith higher family incomes and higher education.”。家里越富有，受教育程度越高的人群中，女性吸烟者更多。选项B符合原文。5.细节事实题。根据最后
13、一段第二句“There are fewer teenaged smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and fewer from families living in farm areas.”收入高、受过良好教育的家庭中，青少年吸烟者较少，来自农村地区的家庭也一样。所以选项D错误；选项C在文中没有提及；根据第三段第三句“Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes.”可知，青少年的这种情况与成年男性相似。所以选项B正确。2. 单选题T
14、opics of conversation should be（ ）to the experiences and interests of the students.问题1选项A.rigidB.rigorousC.relevantD.remarkable【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。rigid严格的，死板的；rigorous严格的，严酷的；relevant相关的，常与介词to搭配，意为与相关；remarkable卓越的，非凡的。只有relevant能与句中的to搭配。句意：对话的主题应该与学生的经历和兴趣相关。选项C符合句意。3. 单选题The most（ ）students do additi
15、onal reading to supplement the material in the textbook.问题1选项A.giftedB.sensitiveC.proficientD.diligent【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。gifted有天赋的； sensitive敏感的；proficient熟练的；diligent勤勉的，用功的。句意：最勤奋的学生通常会做课外阅读来补充教材中的内容。选项D符合句意。4. 单选题The United States has historically had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current annual marriage （1 ） in the United States about 9 new marriages for every 1, 000 people is （2 ） higher than it is in other industrialized countries. However, mar
