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1、2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: “store in the refrigerator.”In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher,
2、the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almo
3、st unobtainable in the country.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existednatural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling.What refrigeration did promote was marketing-marketing hardwar
4、e and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the worlds fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climati
5、cally almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially heated house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.The fridges effect upon the environment ha
6、s been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you dont believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers, but at least youll get rid of that terrible hum.1.The statement “In my bridge less fi
7、fties childhood, I was fed well and healthily.” (Para. 2) suggests that （ ）.2.Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?3.Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?4.Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridges n
8、egative effect on the environment?5.What is the authors overall attitude toward fridges?问题1选项A.the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fiftiesB.the author was not accustomed to use fridges even in his fifties.C.there was no fridge in the authors home in the 1950sD.the fridge
9、 was in its early stage of development in the 1950s问题2选项A.People would not buy more food than was necessary.B.Food was delivered to people two or three time a week.C.Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easilyD.People had effective ways to preserve their food问题3选项A.Inventors.B.Consumers.C.Manu
10、facturers.D.Traveling salesmen问题4选项A.“Hum away continuously”B.“Climatically almost unnecessary”C.“Artificially-cooled space”D.“With mild temperatures”问题5选项A.Neutral.B.Critical.C.ObjectiveD.Compromising【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.判断推理题。In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and hea
11、lthily句意为“我的童年吋期没有冰箱，但我还是吃得不错而且吃得很健康”之后的部分讲到虽然没有冰箱但也没有出现食物浪费和食物腐烂的情况，由此可知第二段的首句话是为了说明虽然那时候没有冰箱，作者也生活的很好，即选项A。2.判断推理题。第二段指出: 送牛奶的人每天都来，杂货商、屠夫、面包师和卖冰淇淋的人周来送货两到三次。肉可以从星期天一直吃到周三，剩余的面包和牛奶将变成各种各样的小点心。任何东西都不会被浪费，而且我们从不会为了腐烂的食物而烦恼。因此可知在冰箱发明之前不会有东西的浪费是因为人们掌握了有效的剩余食物的方法, 故选D。3.判断推理题。第三段指出: 冰箱的发明对食物的保存并没有起到太多的
12、作用，在冰箱发明之前已经有像自然冷却、盐腌等多种食物保存方法。冰箱的发明正在促进的是电力、软饮料、动物死尸的销量并且在后文中作者还讲到了冰箱对生活环境造成的影响，故可以推断出在作者看来对于冰箱的发明， 最没有受益的就是消费者。4.细节事实题。最后一段指出: 冰箱对环境的影响一直都是显著的， 而它带给人类的幸福却是微不足道的。如果你不信，自己试试看，做一个存放食物的橱柜，下个冬天关掉你的冰箱。你或许吃不到汉堡，但是至少能摆脱那可怕的噪音。故选A “不断产生噪声”。5.观点态度题。文章中作者提到童年时期没有冰箱，但是 还是吃得不错而且很健康，并且当时食物也储存的很好，不会造成浪费。最后两段中, 作
13、者认为世界上绝大部分的冰箱并不是在那些最能用得上它们的热带地区被发现，而是在那些富有气候温和的国家出现，这些国家几乎不需要用冰箱。可以看出作者对于冰箱是批判性的。2. 单选题There was only a small （ ）in the citys population over the last ten years.问题1选项A.intimacyB.immortalityC.incidenceD.increment【答案】D【解析】句意: 在过去十年内这个城市的人口只有一个小幅度的增加。名词辨析。Intimacy亲密，隐私; immortality永生,不朽; incidence发生率,
14、影响; increment增加。故D项符合句意。3. 单选题How we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.Most fashion magazi
15、nes or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet newpeople with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment.Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy s hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under
