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1、2022年考博英语-山西大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题I was（ ）by their kindness and moved to tears.问题1选项A.preoccupiedB.embarrassedC.overwhelmedD.counseled【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项preoccupied“使全神贯注，抢先占有”；B选项embarrassed“使困窘”；C选项overwhelmed“（情感）难以承受”；D选项counseled“被劝告”。句意：我被他们的善良（ ），感动得流下眼泪。overwhelmed“（情感）难以承受”和带有情绪色彩的move t
2、o tear搭配使句子通顺。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题Dog owners must（ ）the dogs waste in containers provided throughout the park.问题1选项A.pick upB.set asideC.dispose ofD.take off【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项pick up “捡起；获得；收拾”；B选项set aside “留出；驳回，撤销；不顾”；C选项dispose of “处理；转让；解决；吃光；除掉；卖掉”；D选项take off “起飞；脱下；离开；突然成功”。句意：养狗人必须用公园内提供的容器处理狗
3、的排泄物。A选项pick up 应该更侧重于捡起狗狗拉在地上的排泄物，而题干中说到了在容器内，在容器内处理狗狗的排泄物更适合，因此C选项正确。3. 单选题If you miss the cultural references（ ）a word, youre very likely to miss its meaning.问题1选项A.beyondB.behindC.belowD.before【答案】D【解析】考查介词辨析。A选项beyond“在（或向）较远的一边；超过”；B选项behind“在背面”；C选项below“在下面”；D选项before“在之前”。句意：如果你没看到单词（ ）的文化背
4、景，你很可能会不理解它的意思。根据语境，可知文化背景紧挨着单词，并且在同一句话中，before“在之前”比较合理。因此D选项正确。4. 翻译题Visit a museum these days and youll see people using their smartphones and cameras to take pictures of works of art, archeological finds, historical artifacts, and any other object that strikes their fancy. While taking a picture
5、 might seem like a good way to preserve the moment, new research suggests that museum-goers may want to put their cameras down. In a new study, psychological scientist Linda Henkel of Fairfield University presents data showing that participants had worse memory for objects, and for specific object d
6、etails, when they took photos of them.“People so often whip out their cameras almost mindlessly to capture a moment, to the point that they are missing what is happening right in front of them,” says Henkel. She calls this the “photo-taking impairment effect”.【答案】如今参观博物馆，你会看到人们用智能手机和相机拍摄艺术作品、考古发现、历史
7、文物和任何其他吸引他们眼球的物品。虽然拍照似乎是保存这一瞬间的好方法，但新的研究表明，参观博物馆的人可能会想放下相机。在一项新的研究中，费尔菲尔德大学（Fairfield University）的心理学家琳达汉克尔（Linda Henkel）提供的数据显示，参与者在拍照时对物体和特定物体细节的记忆力较差。汉克尔说：“人们经常无意识地拿出相机来捕捉某个瞬间，以至于他们忽略了眼前正在发生的事情。”她称之为“拍照障碍效应”。5. 单选题We spent an hour（ ）with the crowds as we did our shopping.问题1选项A.purlingB.cobblingC
8、.jostlingD.tapping【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项purling“用反针编织；用金银丝绣”；B选项cobbling“修，拙劣地修补；草率地拼凑，粗制滥造；铺鹅卵石，用圆石铺面”；C选项jostling“推搡，推挤；争夺”；D选项tapping“轻敲，打拍子，窃听”。句意：在购物时我们一个小时（ ）在人群中。jostling“推搡”和the crowds搭配，符合购物时拥挤的生活场景。因此C选项正确。6. 单选题Sharks have an undeserved reputation for being bloodthirsty killers that routinel
9、y make snacks out of tourists. Although the risk of getting eaten by a shark is extremely small, the same cannot be said for underwater fiber-optic cables that carry data around the world.It seems sharks have a mighty craving for these vital intercontinental communication links, which has set Google
10、 on a mission to reinforce its transPacific cables by wrapping them in a Kevlarlike material. Google product manager Dan Belcher revealed their shark-proofing efforts at a marketing meeting in Boston, Network World reports.But why are sharks zeroing in on our global communication networks? Sharks ha
11、ve an uncanny ability to sense electromagnetic fields in the water using tiny detectors in their snouts called ampulla of Lorenzini. The organs, which look like freckles, sense even minute changes to electrical fields in the water, helping sharks find prey, navigate or locate fiber-optic cables.“No
12、doubt the electromagnetic felds associated with these wires are highly attractive to these sharks,” George Burgess, director of the Florida Program for Shark Research, told USA. Interestingly, sharks dont seem to be lured to the older copper cables that run underwater. Its led to speculation that sh
13、arks confuse the high-voltage, magnetic emissions from fiber-optic cables with the signals given off by fish. Updated cables will thus likely protect the sharks and reduce energy-wasting attacks. Sharks have been giving global communications companies headaches since the 1980s. According to the New
14、York Time, a few shark teeth were found planted in a cable of the Canary Islands in 1985. Every year, more than 50 repairs are needed on undersea transcontinental communication lines due to damage from wildlife, fishing trawlers and earthquakes, The Guardian reports. Googles reinforced cables will b
15、e installed as part of a new $300 million system connecting the United States to Japan, according to a press release from project partner NEC. It will result in an Internet connection that relays information across the Pacific Ocean at 60 terabytes per second. Thats good news for Internet users, but maybe the sharks have a hidden reason: Perhaps theyre simply fed up with fear-mongering documentaries that cast them in a negative light.1.What does “the same” in Paragraph 1 refer to?2.What is emphasized in Paragraph 2?3.Why do sharks bite fiber-optic cables?4.It
