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1、2022年考博英语-四川师范大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 翻译题Early men were also greatly interested in the stars they saw twinkling in the sky at night. What they did not realize was that the stars were also present during the daytime, but their light was not visible because of the brilliance of the sun. How did they
2、discover this?There is one event which does enable us to see the stars in the daytime. It is the total eclipse of the sun(日全食),when the moon passes in front of the sun and hides it from view. When this happens, the sky becomes dark enough for the stars to be seen. Total eclipses of this kind do not
3、occur very often and are not likely to be seen from the same area more than once every fifty-four years. One can imagine what an awe-inspiring sight it must have been for an early man, who would remember the event for the rest of his life.So man watched the movements of the sun, the moon and the sta
4、rs and wondered about them. It was practicing the oldest branch of scienceastronomy.【答案】古人也对夜晚所见天空中闪烁的群星怀有浓厚的兴趣。他们还知道白天星星也在那里，只是看不见它们闪光，因为太阳光太强了。人们怎么会发现这一点的呢？只有一种情况让我们在白天看见星星，那就是日全食。月亮走到太阳前面，把它遮住。这时天空变暗，便可看见星星了。这种日全食并不常见，同一个地区也许每隔五十四年只会碰上一次。我们可以想象，对于古人来说，这该是一种多么令人心惊胆颤的景象啊，他们一生永远也不会忘记。人类就是这样观察太阳，月亮和星
5、体的运动，并产生疑问的，人们在思考它们是什么，以及它们在干什么的时候，其实就是在从事对科学的最古老的学科天文学的研究。2. 单选题Will you look _ this word in the Internet?问题1选项A.onB.intoC.upD.forward to【答案】C【解析】；窥视；浏览；看”；C选项look up“仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访；改善”；D选项look forward to“盼望；期待；期盼；预期”。句意：你会在网上查阅这个单词吗？因此C选项正确。3. 单选题While a nuclear destruction will never become _, we ca
6、n help to make it less probably by advising the superpowers to change their attitudes.问题1选项A.desperateB.impossibleC.seriousD.inevitable【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项desperate“不顾一切的；令人绝望的；极度渴望的”；B选项impossible“不可能的；不可能存在的；难以忍受的；不真实的”；C选项serious“严肃的，严重的；认真的；庄重的；危急的”；D选项inevitable“必然的，不可避免的”。句意：虽然核毁灭永远无法避免，但我们可以建
7、议超级大国改变态度，帮助降低这种毁灭的可能性。因此D选项正确。4. 单选题The sun frizzled the grasses and blazed on the rocks of Kasauli. All was either _ or blackened by heat and glare.问题1选项A.quenchedB.breachedC.bleachedD.white【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项quenched“熄灭，淬火；解渴；结束；冷浸；平息”；B选项breach“违反，破坏；打破”；C选项bleached“漂白，晒白；（使）变成淡色；（使）失去活力；（使）失去实质
8、内容；用漂白剂给清洗，消毒”；D选项white“使变白，把涂白”。句意：阳光使青草卷曲，在卡索利的岩石上发出耀眼的光芒。所有的东西都被热得失去活力或被强光变黑了。因此C选项正确。5. 单选题Undoubtedly the flood could have been _ if the local government had invested more money in greening the environment.问题1选项A.put offB.turned offC.kept offD.written off【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项put off“推迟；扔掉；阻止”；B选项
9、turn off“关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向；使失去兴趣”；C选项keep off“让开；不接近”；D选项write off“注销；取消；勾销；报废”。句意：毫无疑问，如果当地政府在绿化环境方面投入更多的资金，洪水本可以被阻断。因此B选项正确。6. 单选题The “Echo House” will demonstrate how we can live with highly efficient insulation, solar heating, energy efficient _ and organic gardening.问题1选项A.applicatorsB.application
10、sC.applicantsD.appliances【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项applicators“涂药器；敷帖器；上涂装置”；B选项applications“应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入”；C选项applicants“申请人，申请者；请求者”；D选项appliances“器具；器械；装置；应用”。原句中有几个并列成分：highly efficient insulation，solar heating，energy efficient _，和organic gardening，根据上下文，这些都是与生存环境有关的词语，因此我们不难排除掉与此无关的选项A选项和C
11、选项。另外，原句中的几个并列成分都是具体名词。因此可以推断B选项application“应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入”与题意不符。句意：“回音屋”将向我们展示如何使用高效隔热、太阳能饮食、节能电器和有机园艺来生活。因此D选项正确。7. 单选题As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the _ of a brilliant career.问题1选项A.thresholdB.edgeC.porchD.course【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项thres
12、hold“入口；门槛；开始；极限；临界值”；B选项edge“边缘；优势；刀刃；锋利”；C选项porch“门廊；走廊”；D选项course“科目；课程；过程；进程；道路；路线，航向；一道菜”。on the threshold of.“处于的开端”；on the edge of.“处于的边缘”；in the course of.“在的进程中”。句意：作为大学里最年轻的教授之一，金女士无疑正处于她辉煌事业的开端。因此A选项正确。8. 单选题It is _ who decides whether the accused is innocent or guilty.问题1选项A.the jury and
13、 only juryB.the jury and only the juryC.only the jury and juryD.the jury and the only jury【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。原句是一个强调句，意思是“陪审团，也只有陪审团才能决定被起诉的人是否有罪。”此处，“陪审团”应该是特指的，在结构上应为the jury。形容词only修饰一个特指的名词，可以放在定冠词之前，此处，构成only the jury，意为“只有陪审团”；也可以放在定冠词之后，此处，构成the only jury，意为“那唯一的陪审团”。从结构上讲，只有B选项和D选项符合上述要求；从意义上讲，
14、B选项（陪审团，只有陪审团）才符合句义，因为在法律上，只要组织了陪审团，就有资格参与审判，而不论“这个”还是“那个”。因此B选项正确。9. 单选题I think we should _ the matter further before signing the contract.问题1选项A.look intoB.look uponC.look afterD.look up【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项look into“调查；观察；窥视；浏览；看”；B选项look upon“看待；视作；看作；对待”；C选项look after“照顾；照料；照看”；D选项look up“仰望；查阅；尊
15、敬；拜访；改善”。句意：我认为在签订合同之前我们应该进一步考虑这个问题。因此B选项正确。10. 单选题Samuel Slater was born in Belper, England, in 1768. On completion of his seven year apprenticeship in an English spinning mill, he was apparently so worried about the growth, and hence saturation, of the industry in the United Kingdom that, in 1789, without the knowledge of his family, Slater traveled to America at the age of 2
