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1、透析中考英语语法动词、动词词组考点【语法概说】【动词及动词词组命题趋势与预测】根据对动词和动词词组部分全国各省市中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为:1、 动词和动词词组辨析。2、 常用动词于名词、副词、介词构成的短语动词的基本含义和引申义。【考点诠释】一、 对表示状态变化的系动词的考查 英语中常见的表示状态变化的系动词有 get , turn , turn out (结果是), go , come (成为), fall , become 等。 【考例】 The number of giant pandas is getting _ because their liv
2、ing areas are becoming farmlands. (年江苏盐城)A. less and less B. larger and larger C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer【解析】 答案为C。句意为“大熊猫的数量越来越少因为他们的生存空间正逐渐变成农场”。本题中四个选项都是“比较级+ and + 比较级”的结构,表示“越来越”。主语为number,只能和large或small搭配。而结合句意可判断答案为C。-I am getting _each month. I cant put on my jeans. -Im afraid
3、 you have to take exercise every day. 河南省A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest答案B。解析本题考查形容词的比较级。根据句意要用比较级而heavy的比较级是heavier,故选B。【考例】The food in that restaurant _delicious,but it tastes bad 沈阳市A looks Bfeels C becomes Dgets答案A。解析从下句but it tastes bad,“但尝起来很差”,可推知选A:那家餐馆的食物看起来不错。 【考例】一What
4、 do you think of the music,Fred?一It _wonderful台州市Asmells B. looks Ctastes Dsounds答案D。 解析系动词的用法常见的系动词有四个“起来”(smell,look,taste,sound),四个“变得”(turn,grow,become,get)以及feel,be等。音乐应该是“听起来”,其余三项不合句意。It is said that no one bought that kind of fruit一Thats trueIt tasted_.浙江Agood Bterrible Cwell Dterribly答案:B解析
5、:根据第一个人说“据说没人买那种水果”可知,它尝起来不好吃。taste是连系动词,其后接形容词,故选B。一Do you know the final of mens singles will be played between Wang Liqin and Ma Lin?YesI felt _when I heard the _news. 黄冈Aexciting;excitedBexcited;excitingCexciting;exciting Dexcited;excited答案:B解析:当主语是人时,要用excited来修饰;用来修饰物时,要用exciting,故选B。Hi,mumHav
6、e you cooked fish for dinner? I can _it 河南Ataste B. smell Cfeel Dtouch55答案:B解析:由句意“妈妈,你做好鱼了吗?”故“我能闻到昧了”,应选B。【考例】Hi, mum. Have you cooked fish for dinner? I can _it. 河南省A. taste B. smell C. feel D. touch答案B。解析本题考查词义辨析。因为是问妈妈是否做了鱼,如果看到、尝到鱼了,就不会这么怀疑了。 smell是闻到的意思。二、对表示状态存在的系动词的考查 常见的有 be, seem, appear,
7、 look, feel, smell, sound, keep, taste, remain, prove, stay, lie (处于某种状态), stand (处于某种状态)等。 【考例】Carl felt _because he won the first prize in the school singing competition. 安徽省A. interested B. proud C. angry D. worried答案B 。解析考查形容词词义。根据句意“获奖是值得高兴、自豪的事情”,应选proud。三、对动词的考查【考例】After they passed their exa
8、ms, they _by having a party沈阳市A succeeded Bcelebrated Cprepared Dreceived答案B 。解析由于通过了考试,所以他们通过聚会的方式来庆祝,celebrate庆祝。I am sure that he is_ a lie. 广东省A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling答案D。解析本题考查四个“说”动词的区别say强调说话的内容;talk为不及物动词,意为“交谈”;speak后接某种语言时为及物动词,作“说话,发言”讲时为不及物动词;tell为及物动词,当“告诉,讲,说” 等,经常和s
9、tory,lie等连用,构成“讲故事”、“说谎”等短语,故本题选D。How long does it _ you to wash all the dishes? 成都市A. take B. use C. spend答案A。解析本题考查词义辨析。“干某事用了某人多少时间” 用spend或take。而spend主语必须是人根据it takes sb some time to do sth结构可知应选A。 I visited many places including the History Museum last Saturday; When I_ at the hotel, it was ver
10、y late. 太原市A. got B. reached C. arrived答案C。解析本题考查三个“到达”的用法。get后接地点名词时要加介词to;reach是及物动词,其后可以直接跟地点名词;arrive是不及物动词,后接地点是“小地方”时可与 at连用;后接地点是“大地方”时可与介词in连用。此题空格后有介词at,故应该选C。I am greatly interested in this painting. Something in it _the painters deep love for nature. 河南省A. expresses B. discusses C. expect
11、s D. imagines答案A。解析本题考查词义辨析。 express有“表达”的意思,符合本题的要求。In the 49 world Table Tennis Championship(锦标赛),Wang Liqin_ Ma Linand _the champion(冠军)of the Mens Singles芜湖市Abeat; beat B. won;won C beat; won Dwon; beat答案C。解析考查易混词的辨析 动词beat后跟人或球队等,而win后则跟比赛、奖项等。9一why do Chinese people like red? Because they thin
12、k it can _them good luck.浙江省Acarry B. bring C. make Dtake答案B。解析考查carry,take与bring的区别carry搬,携带;bring带来;make制作,使;take带走,由句意“因为他们认为它能给他们带来幸运”,故选bring。四、 对动词词组的考查动词短语是高考考查的一个热点,几乎每套题中都要设置2-3个考查动词短语的。从题设上看,主要有以下几种形式:1不同的动词,后面加上相同的小品词使用频率较高的这类动词有:call,cut,come,go,get,look,put,set,turn,take,pay,pick,make等。
13、常见的介词或副词有:in,off,out,up,away,for,on,over,等。1)动词+away构成的短语有:throw away扔掉;put away把收拾好;give away捐赠,分发;carry away运走;runaway,潜逃;跑开;go away走开等。【考例】 2)动词+for构成的短语有:answer for负责;provide for供养;call for提倡,要求;plan for打算,为计划;hope for希望,期待;ask for请求,寻找;需要;send for派人去请;go for努力获取;pay for偿还,赔偿;wait for等待;look for
14、寻找等。【考例】 3)动词+on构成的短语有:Try on试穿,试验;put on穿上,上演;have on穿着,戴着;pull on穿,戴;hold on不挂断,停止;carry on继续开展,坚持;keep on继续;go on继续;get on上(车、船);come on赶快等。【考例】 4)动词+over构成的短语有:come over过来;hand over移交;go over仔细检查,复习;get over克服,恢复;look over检查;think over仔细考虑;take over接受,接管;turn over翻转等。【考例】 5)动词+up构成的短语有:bring up抚育,培养;call up召唤,打电话给;come up走进,上来;cut up切碎:fix up. 修理;