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1、2022年考博英语-西南政法大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题If you get into a bath full of water, some of the water will（ ）onto the floor.问题1选项A.overlapB.overflowC.flourishD.flutter【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。A选项overlap“与重叠”；B选项 overflow“溢出，泛滥”；C选项flourish“繁荣，茂盛，茁壮成长”；D选项flutter“飘动，飞来飞去”。句意：如果你进入一个充满水的浴缸，水将会溢出到地板上。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题E
2、ach month 5 Yuan is（ ）from my salary for house-repairing payment.问题1选项A.excludedB.expelledC.compelledD.docked【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。A选项exclude“排除”；B选项expel“驱逐，开除”；C选项compel“强迫”；D选项dock“使靠码头，从（工资）中扣除（一部分的钱）”。句意：每个月从我的工资中扣去5元用于修房子。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题Mr. Chen often（ ） his speech.问题1选项A.tumblesB.stumblesC.rumblesD.f
3、umbles【答案】D【解析】形近词辨析题。A选项tumble“摔倒”；B选项stumble“踌躇”；C选项rumble“隆隆作响”；D选项fumble“笨手笨脚地做；笨嘴拙舌地说话”。句意：陈先生经常在演讲的时候笨嘴拙舌地说话。选项D符合语境。4. 单选题The system of exploitation of moon by man has been（ ） .问题1选项A.canceledB.abolishedC.refusedD.rejected【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。A选项cancel“取消”；B选项abolish“废除，废止”；C选项refuse“拒绝”；D选项reject“
4、拒绝，排斥”。句意：人类开发月球的系统已经被废除。选项B符合句意。5. 单选题This new type of plant has a an（ ）, bulb-shaped stem, though not very delicious.问题1选项A.ovalB.edibleC.reliableD.available【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项oval“椭圆的”；B选项edible“可食用的”；C选项reliable“可靠的”；D选项available“可获得的”。句意：这种新型的植物有一个可食用的，球状的茎，虽然不是很美味。根据句子的后半部分可知，选项B符合语境。6. 单选题He
5、tried to wave aside these issues as（ ）details that would be settled later after he finished dealing with the important ones.问题1选项A.versatileB.trivialC.preliminaryD.alternate【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项versatile“通用的，多才多艺的”；B选项trivial“琐碎的”；C选项preliminary“初步的”；D选项alternate“交替的，轮流的”。句意：他试图把这些问题当作鸡毛蒜皮的小事置之不理，等他处理
6、完重要的问题后再解决。选项B符合句意。7. 翻译题Put the following passages into Chinese:For the time being at least, contracts are alive and well. They testify to an important liberal principle, namely, that people can come together as strangers and voluntarily commit themselves to an agreement that takes the place of the
7、 law between them. The final contract, whether it is written or spoken, is not the only manner in which the law acknowledges voluntary actions that give rise to commitments a stranger may enforce. In the common law, such commitments may arise through conduct on which another person has a right to re
8、ly, of act in detrimental reliance (导致损失的信赖)The right of reliance may occur as a result not just of the making of a contract but also of the negotiation and conduct prior to a contract. In the process of negotiating a contract, the negotiators establish a relationship, and they come to expect certai
9、n behavior of their negotiating partners. This relationship is particularly important in the civil law.The nineteenth-century German legal philosopher Rudolf von Jhering and his followers have referred to this relationship as one of reciprocal (互惠的) trust. Trust breeds duties. And if you negligently
10、 breach the trust of another, you should pay compensation.With the emphasis on trust and reciprocity (互惠)，the contract is converted from a competitive institution determining who gets the best deal into a potentially cooperative enterprise. The idea behind Jherings emphasis on the contracting relati
11、onship is that duties arise, and they are not necessarily duties of performance. They might be duties of concern, of reciprocal attention to the interests of the other, and to the success of the venture as a whole. In the common law world, these precontractual duties would be hard to ground because
12、there would be no consideration to support them. They are, by definition, precontractual.【答案】至少在目前看来，契约仍有着很强的生命力。它们证实了一个重要的自由原则，即陌生可以走到一起并自愿地达成一份协议来替代他们之间存在的法律。无论是书面还是口头的，最终契约不是法律认可自愿行为的唯一方式，自愿行为促生了人们可能执行的义务。在普通的法律中，这些义务可能通过另外一个人有权依赖的行为或让信赖损失行为而产生。信赖的权利可能不仅来契约的签订，而且还来自于契约签订前的协商和行为。在合同协商过程中，协议方建立了一种关
13、系，且他们开始期望自己的协议伙伴们遵守某种行为。这种关系在民法中尤其重要。19世纪的德国法哲学家Rudolf von Jhering和他的拥护者们将这种关系称为一种互惠的信任。信任产生责任。如果你疏忽地违背了他人的信任，那么你就应该作出赔偿。由于强调信任与互惠，契约由决定谁是获得最大好处的竞争性制度转变成了一种由潜在合作性的计划。Jhering对契约关系强调的背后观点是义务产生，且这些义务不是合约履行中的必要责任。总的来说，它们可能是关心、关注另一方利益及企业成功义务。在普通的法律中，由于没有约根支持，所以很难得到落实这些契约前义务。从定义上说，它们是契约前义务。8. 单选题Do you ag
14、ree with the saying that the monkey was the（ ）of human race?问题1选项A.offspringB.successorC.breederD.predecessor【答案】D【解析】名词辨析题。A选项offspring“后代，子孙”；B选项successor“继承者”；C选项breeder“饲养员，繁殖者”；D选项predecessor“前身，祖先”。句意：你同意猴子是人类祖先的说法吗? 选项D符合句意。9. 翻译题Translate the following sentences into English劳动仲裁类似于中世纪手工业行会的调
15、停话动，它是多步骤申述体制之最终结果。尽管信托关系可以口头创立，但却一般是经书面文件形式确认。破坏环境之行为可以被法律规定为犯罪。因股东大会不够法定人数，故该决议被认定无效。【答案】Labor arbitration, similar to the mediation activities in the medieval craft guilds, is the final result of multi-step representation system.A trust may be created orally, but usually is set up in a written form.An act that is destructive to the environment may be criminalized by statue.The resolution was invalid because
