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1、名词从句全解及真题练习名词性从句（基础篇）一 名词性从句连词：1) 连接词that, if, whether, as if/as though, because2) 连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which,whoever, whatever, whichever3) 连接副词：when, where, why, how, how many/much/long/soon/often, whenever, wherever二主语从句1. that引导的主语从句，只起连接作用That we must master English words as many as pos
2、sible is very important.2. wh-引导的主语从句：连接承担句子成分（主、宾、表、定、状）What you are doing is very difficult.3. whether/if引导主语从句： whether引导主从既可放句首，也可放句中。 但if引导的主从只能放句中，前用it作形式主语Whether it is true remains a question. It is doubtful whether the manager knew the details of the plan.4. It + 谓语 + 主语从句1) it + be + 形容词 +
3、 that/ wh-从句It is certain that your son will do well in his exam.2) it + be + 名词 + that/ wh-从句It remains a question whether it is true.3) it + be + 过去分词 + that/ wh-从句It has not been decided who will perform the operation.4) it + 不及物动词 + that/ wh-从句It happened that I was not there that day.(注意：1) 3)
4、在表示建议、要求、命令、愿望、义务、责任时，从句中的谓语要用“should + V 原形” )5. 主从应该注意的问题：1) 以下情况，真正主语that引导的从句不可和形式主语相替换 It is said /reported结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. （That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. ） It happens/occurs结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It occurr
5、ed to him that he failed in the examination. （That he failed in the examination occurred to him. ）It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? if引导的主语从句，例如：Does it matter if he cant
6、 finish the job on time?2) wh-引导的主语从句既可放句首也可放居末，但是what, whatever, whoever等引导的主从不用it作形式主语。例如：Whoever wants to see the film may get a ticket.3) 下列两种情况中常用it作形式主语 主语从句是一个疑问句：Has is been decided where we will perform the experiment? 在“It does not matter + how, whether, if.”结构中It does not matter to me whe
7、ther he is going there or not.4) 由what引导的主语从句以及谓语动词单复数问题主从中what 还可用于强调。what 引导的主语从句一般按单数对待，但实际用单数还是复数取决于其含义。What we need is time.What I did was to turn off the radio.三 宾语从句宾从可以作谓语动词的宾语、介词的宾语、还可作非谓语动词（不定式，动名词，现在分词）的宾语。1) 作动词的宾语 that引导宾从在口语和非正式情况下常省略I believe (that) you are telling the truth. 在demand/
8、insist/suggest.等表决定、要求、建议等动词之后，that从句常用“（should）+ V原形”The manager suggest that we should call of the plan. 需要否定前置的情况：在assume, believe, expect, guess, imagine, suppose, think等表示“认为，猜想，估计”的意思时，其后的宾语从句如带否定意义，通常要否定前置。I dont think (that)he will succeed. (I think that he will not succeed.) 此类动词如主语为第一人称，变为
9、反义疑问句时，要看宾从中的谓语动词。I dont believe she knows it, does she? I dont think he was happy, was he ? 如果宾从后跟有补语， 常用it作形式宾语，而将真正宾语从句放到补语后。I think it important that young people master two languages. 在hope, believe, suppose, guess, think, be afraid等动词后面，可用so代替上面个提到的一个从句。如：-Do you believe that we can get a rise
10、 in pay?-I hope so. 宾从都要用陈述语气. 2) 作介词的宾语 介词后面可以跟whether和wh-引导的从句:She laughed at what we said. that通常不能跟在介词后作宾语，但可跟在带有形式宾语it之后做介词的真正宾语。You may depend on it that he will join the club【注意】在in that. / except that. / but that. / besides that.结构视为固定搭配。 if 和whether在引导宾从时可以互换。但介词后宾从只能用whether。不可用if。It is a
11、question of whether we should go.(不可用if)3) 作非谓语动词的宾语 作不定式的宾语：It is hard to say how long the operation will last. 作动名词宾语：On learning that Mr. Wang was seriously ill, the doctor went to see him at once. 作分词的宾语：Knowing that the patient was very weak, the nurse saw him home.4) 作形容词的宾语某些表感情色彩或表动态的形容词和分词（
12、如：afraid, amazed, annoyed, anxious, aware, certain, confident, conscious, disappointed, doubtful, glad, pleased, sure, surprised等）作表语时， 后面可跟一个意义上相当于宾语的名词从句。如：She was afraid that she would lose face. Our football team feels proud that it has won every match this year.5) 宾从时态一致问题： 主句为现在时态，从句时态可根据实际情况需
13、要而定。I know he lived in a city four years ago. 主句用过去范畴内的时态，从句中一定要用过去范畴的时态。He said he had seen the film. 宾从若叙述真理，不受主句时态影响，沿用一般现在时。My father told me that the sun rises in the east.6) 宾从的连接： 宾从时陈述句时，用that引导 宾从是一般疑问句时，用whether、if连接。（句尾标点符号取决于主句）He asks me if /whether you are a student. Do you know if he
14、is a student? 宾从时特殊疑问句时，连接词=原来的疑问词。但一定要变成陈述语气。四 表语从句常用的关联词同主语从句。此外还可用as if/ if来引导。1) that不能省略。2) wh-引导的表语从句时，无疑问意义，而是分别表示具体的地点，时间，原因和方式。This is what I want. Their difficultly is where they can raise enough money.3) as if, as though, because, as, just as也可引导表从It looks as if we will be late.4) 引导表从可用w
15、hether，不用if（注意与as if区别）。五 同位语从句主句中有些名词词义比较抽象，如belief, conclusion, doubt, evidence, fact, hope, idea, possibility, though等，它们往往需要用从句来具体说明这一名词的实际内容或对该名词作进一步解释。这些从句叫做同位语从句。I had no idea that you were here.1) 引导同位从一般用that，不可省略。2) 可以用连接代词、连接副词如：who, why, how, whether等引导。The question who should do the job requires consideration.3) 常后跟同位从的名词还有：answer, excuse, fear, hope, suggestion, understanding, opinion, news.名词性从句 （提高篇）一 whether和if以下几种情况中, 只能用whether:1. 强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。如：Let me know whether you can come or not.
