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1、 汽车专业英语词汇(7)氧化脱碳 oxidation and decarbonization 过热与过燃烧 overheat and overcrook渗碳 carburizing真空渗碳 vacuum carburizing渗氮（氮化） nitriding碳氮共渗（氰化） carbonitriding (cyaniding)软氮化 tufftride离子氮化 ion-nitriding氰化 cyaniding激光热处理 lasering heat treatmetn氧化处理 oxidation treatment发蓝处理 blueing磷化处理 phosphating蒸气处理 steam t
2、reatment渗铝 aluminizing渗硼 boronizing硫化 sulphurizing表面抛光 surface polishing镀覆热处理 plating and heat treatment喷涂 spraying离子束注入 ion injection 化学气相沉积法 chemical vaporous depositon 物理气相沉积法 physical vaporous deosition 喷镀 sputter电镀 electroplate调质 hardening and high temperature tempering韧度 toughness红硬性 red hardn
3、ess脆性 brittleness冷脆性 cold brittleness淬硬性（淬透性） hardenability金相学 metallography宏观组织 macro-structure显微组织 micro-structure低倍照相 macrography金相图 phase diagram奥氏体 austenite马氏体 martensite珠光体 pealite贝氏体 bainite铁素体 ferrite索氏体 sorbite屈氏体 troostite渗碳体 cementite莱氏体 ledeburite临界点 critical point白点 flake晶体大小 grain siz
4、e再结晶 recrystallization 离析性 segregation 共晶 eutectic热处理炉 heat treatment furnace加热炉 heating frunace分批炉 batch furnace反射炉 reverberatory furnace电炉 electric furnace电阻炉 resistance furnace马弗炉 box furnace(muffle furnace)井式炉 shaft furnace油炉 oil-fired furnace坑式炉 low-shaft furnace连续炉 continous furnace真空炉 vacuum
5、furnace退火炉 annealing furnace高频炉 high-frequency furnace渗碳炉 carburizing furnace感应炉 induction furnace滚式炉 roller hearth oven煤气炉 gas-fired furnace台车式炉 truck-loading furnace炉床 hearth退火箱 annealing box淬火槽 quenching bach渗碳箱 technical service油槽 sump喷沙机 sander喷丸室 shot blast chamber硬度计（回跳，肖氏） sclerometer肖氏硬度计 s
6、hore hardness tester红外线高温计 infrared pyrometer汽车维护 vehicle maintenance汽车修理 vehicle repair汽车维护制度 system of vehicle maintenance and repair汽车维修性 maintainability of vehicle汽车技术状况 technical condition of vehicle汽车完好技术状况 good condition of vehicle汽车不良状况 bad condition of vehicle汽车工作能力 working ability of vehic
7、le汽车技术状况参数 parameters for technical condition of vehicle汽车极限技术状况 limiting condition of vehicle汽车技术状况变化规律 regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle运行缺陷 operational defect制造缺陷 manufacturing defect设计缺陷 design defect事故性缺陷 accidental defect汽车耗损 vehicle wear-out汽车零件磨损 wear of vehicle part磨损过
8、程 wear process正常磨损 normal wear极限磨损 limiting wear允许磨损 permissible wear磨损率 wear rate机械磨损 mechanical wear化学磨损 chemical wear热磨损 thermic wear疲劳磨损 fatigue wear腐蚀性磨损 corrosion wear故障磨损 failure wear故障 malfunctioning断裂 breakdown损坏 damage更换（零件） replacing擦伤 scratching刮伤 scoring点蚀 pitting粘附 adhesion 咬粘 seizure烧
9、伤 burning穴蚀 cavitation 老化 ageing疲劳 fatigue变形 deformation 缺陷 defect汽车故障 vehicle failure完全故障 plete failure局部故障 partial failure致命故障 critical failure严重故障 major failure一般故障 minor failure汽车故障现象 symptom of vehicle failure 抢气 mixture robbery呛油 fuel fouling盘车 turning飞车 run way工作粗暴 rough running早燃 preignition
10、 回火 back fire自燃现象 dieseling (after run)爆震（爆燃） detonation 火花（点火）爆燃 spark knock燃料爆燃 fuel knock(gas knock)不发火（不点火） misfiring调速不匀 hunting过度停顿 flat spot调速器工作不匀 governor hunting回流 back flow串气 blow-by稀释 dilution 滤清器阻塞 clogged filter润滑超量 overlubrication （气缸）上油 oil pumping（柴油喷射系）渗漏滴油 after dripping （燃气系）气阻 v
11、apor lock结胶 gum deposit敲缸 knock拉缸 cylinder score咬缸 cylinder sticking轴颈擦伤 journal score刮伤 scuff拉瓦 bearing score（化油器）汽湿现象 percolation 化油器结冰 carburetor icing活塞敲缸 piston knock(piston slap)活塞裙部挤扁 collapse of piston skirt气门挺杆发响 tappet noise (valve knock)汽门弹簧颤动 valve spring surge（蓄电池）硫化 sulphation（蓄电池）过度放电
12、 over discharge（火花塞）铅沉积 lead fouling（火花塞）积碳 carbon fouling真空提前失效 defective vacuum advance高压线跳火错乱 secondary wire crossfiring转向反冲 steering kickback离合器炸裂 clutch explosion制动踏板发软 spongy brake pedal制动踏板费力 hard pedal制动器发响 noisy brake制动踏板过低 low brake pedal制动盘摆动 disc runout制动失效 brake fade减震器失效 defective shoc
13、k absorber轮胎烧耗 burn rubber轮胎急速磨损 peel rubber漂滑效应 hydro-planing (aqua-planing)（由于紧急制动）紧急滑行 impending skid充气不足 under -inflation 异响 abnormal knocking泄漏 leakage过热 overheat失控 out of control乏力 lack of power污染超限 illegal exhaust and noise费油 excessive consumption of fuel and oil振抖 fluttering故障率 failure rate平
14、均故障率的观察值 observed mean failure rate故障树型分析法 fault tree analysis汽车维护类别 class of vehicle maintenance定期维护 periodic maintenance季节性维护 seasonal maintenance技术保养 technical service清洗 washing技术检查 check-up保养里程 service cycle每日保养 daily sevice防护 preserving冬季保养 winter check-up夏季保养 summer check-up走合维护 running -in ma
15、intenance汽车修理类别 class of vehicle repair汽车大修 major repair of vehicle汽车中修 medium repair of vehicle汽车小修 current repair of vehicle总成修理 unit repair零件修理 parts repair计划修理 scheduled repair定期修理 regulation repair视情修理 repari on techincal condition 非计划修理 unscheduled repair修复 reconditioning修理里程 mileage between repair拆开 separating拆下 withdrawing拆卸 disassembling
