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1、2022年考博英语-天津师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual（1）and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matte
2、r in his field of specialization.This is, as it were, his professional equipment, （2）this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work（3）his own, often at
3、high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult other（4）his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding（5）with printing techniques and proof-read
4、ing. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to（6）rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-matter to another, since this ability is frequently（7）of him in such wo
5、rk.Bearing in mind the nature of the translators work, i.e, the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking（8）that he should be able to speak the language he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage（9）a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can（10）
6、with. It is, however, desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to knowing how proper names and place names are pronounced.问题1选项A.applicationB.useC.utilityD.usage问题2选项A.More thanB.Except forC.Because ofD.In addition t
7、o问题3选项A.ofB.byC.forD.on问题4选项A.shouldB.whenC.becauseD.if问题5选项A.familiarityB.acquaintanceC.knowledgeD.skill问题6选项A.changeB.transformC.turnD.switch问题7选项A.lackedB.requiredC.facedD.confronted问题8选项A.essentialB.unnecessaryC.advantageousD.useless问题9选项A.overB.despiteC.rather thanD.instead问题10选项A.dealB.concern
8、C.workD.do away【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B第6题:D第7题:B第8题:B第9题:C第10题:D【解析】第1题:考查名词辨析。application意为“应用，运用”，指理论知识的运用；use意为“使用”，指工具等的使用；utility意为“效用，有用”，指有效地使用某物使其发挥效用；usage意为“使用”，指具体的用法。 language of habitual use表示“习惯性使用语言”，指语言的适用。第2题:考查上下文语义。此处表示翻译人员除了应具备前面所说的基本知识外，还应有好学的品质。more than意为“不只是”；except for
9、意为“除之外”；because of意为“因为，由于”；in addition to意为“另外，除之外（还）”。第3题:考查固定搭配。on ones own意为“靠自己”。第4题:考查虚拟语气。此处是if对将来的虚拟，从句中省略了if，采用部分倒装。第5题:考查固定搭配。a nodding acquaintance意为“点头之交”。第6题:考查动词辨析。change from.to意为“从变成”；transform意为“改变，改观”；turn意为“转变”；switch意为“转换，交换”。此处表示从一种语言转换到另一种语言。第7题:考查固定搭配。be lacked of意为“缺乏”；requir
10、e sth.of sb.意为“对某人有某物的要求”；be faced with意为“面临”；be confronted with意为“面对，面临”。第8题:考查上下文语义，由前面的the nature of the translators work, the processing of the written, it is（译者工作的性质即文字的处理）和后面的be able to speak the language he is dealing with（能够说他正在处理的语言）可知严格来说他不必会讲他说处理的语言。第9题:考查连词。此处表示是优势而不是障碍，rather than意为“而不是
11、”，instead需要与of一起连用，才能表示“而不是”。第10题:考查固定搭配。deal with意为“处理”；concern不与with连用；work with意为“工作”；do away with意为“废除，消灭”。2. 单选题Too many people believe that to achieve great things we must make brutal sacrifices, that to succeed in work we must focus single-mindedly, at the （ ）of everything else in life.问题1选项A
12、.heartB.beginningC.mercyD.expense【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。at the expense of意为“以为代价”。句意：太多的人相信为了成就大事我们必须做出残酷的牺牲，为了在工作中取得成功，我们必须一心一意，以牺牲生活中的其他一切为代价。3. 单选题Last night he saw two dark （ ）center the building, and then there was the explosion.问题1选项A.figuresB.featuresC.sketchesD.images【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。figure意为“人影，数字”
13、；feature意为“特征，特点”；sketch意为“素描，草图”；image意为“图像，肖像”。 句意：昨晚，他看到了两个黑影进入了大楼，然后发生了爆炸。 4. 单选题Electric vehicles are potential game changers in transportation, a sector which （ ）largest share of oil consumption.问题1选项A.posesB.assumesC.representsD.owes【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。pose意为“产生，提出，摆好姿势”；assume意为“假定，认为”；represent
14、意为“代表”；owe意为“欠，归功于，应给予”。句意：电动汽车是交通运输中潜在的游戏变革者，是占石油消费比重最大的部门。5. 单选题By turning this knob to the right you can（ ）the sound from the radio.问题1选项A.intensifyB.amplifyC.enlargeD.reinforce【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。intensify意为“加强，强化”；amplify意为“放大，扩大”，一般指声音的放大；enlarge意为“扩大”，一般指面或体积的扩大；reinforce意为“加固，加强”。句意：通过这个旋钮向右转动，你可以放大收音机的声音。6. 单选题The press in America is particularly important because, （1）than in any other country, it is recognized as having a responsible role to（2）in relation to one aspect of the process of government. The press（3）is an American invention, and it began to be impo
