(完整word版)高考英语改错常见考点大剖析及经典习题

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1、高考英语改错常见考点大剖析及经典习题 高考短文改错命题焦点:短文改错是全国统一高考中一种综合性很强的试题。 短文改错的文章多采用记叙文, 有时也 用说明文。在 100 词左右的短文中设有十个小题,该题的设计形式有四种:1该行错一个词,找出来并改正。2该行多一个词,找出来并去掉。3该行缺一个词,补上一词。4该行没错,不改动。从近几年的高考题来看,这四种形式的考查情况大致为:多一词12处;缺一词12处;正确1处;错一词56处。这种题说到底是考查用词、词的搭配、词法、句法及语篇中的行文 逻辑等各方面的水平。 换句话说, 这是一种比较全面的考查。 我们在平时的学习中就要注意做到 词不离句,句不离篇,要

2、特别注意词的用法、搭配和语法分析能力的培养。平时打好这种基础, 就为正确地解题准备了条件。 短文改错解题技巧:1. 快速阅读掌握大意。短文改错时应先从头到尾快速读一遍, 了解其大意, 这样有助于了解其中的逻辑关系, 对时 态、人称等都心中有数。十行中一般有九行有错误,一行无错,如发现并纠正错误,首要的任务 是对全段文字有个整体的理解,阅读中注意句子的时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词或动词短语, 注意句子中的名词、数词,以及其他词性的语法要求,注意句子之间的逻辑关系,注意段落的主 旨内容,注意整篇短文的中心内容,这样才更加有效地完成改错。2. 在改错过程中, 要结合上下文语境来观察,不要只盯住一行。

3、按照上述的原则,对语法、句法、逻辑词义、 搭配等诸方面进行综合考查分析并改正错误, 应看上下文中有无逻辑关系上的错误, 有无语法修 饰上的错误, 有无惯用法方面的错误。 如果没有发现明显错误, 则分别检查时态、 人称, 单复数, 主谓一致等各项。3. 检查句与句之间的逻辑关系是否恰当。如有不妥之处,看看是否关联词有冋题。4. 整篇做完后,认真检查一遍,注意其中逻辑关系是否合理,时态人称等是 否一致。 短文改错常见考点:1 多一词:抽象名词前多一冠词:如:Modern people know more about the health. (去掉 the )专有名词前多一冠词:如:the Engl

4、and( 去掉 the ), the Hebei Province (去掉 the ) , the Beijing Airport (去掉 the )固定词组中名词前多一冠词:如:go to the school (去掉 the ), go to the prison (去掉 the ),at the work (去掉 the ), in the bed (去掉 the ) , go to the hospital (去掉 the ) , set a fire to sth (去掉 a) ., at the first (去掉 the ) , the most of them (去掉 the

5、) ,at the noon (去掉 the ) , make a rapid progress (去掉 a ) , a pienty of (去掉a )表示交通工具的和 by 连用的名词前多一冠词:如:by the air (去掉 the ) , by the bus (去掉 the ) , by the ship (去掉 the )表示体育活动的名词前;如:piay the footbaii (去掉 the , piay the basketbaii (去掉 the表示节日(常含有 Day 的名词前多一冠词:如:the Nationai Day (去掉 the , the May Day

6、(去掉 the表示 非常意思的“ most”多一冠词:如:He is the most hardworking. (去掉 the )某种让步状语从句中名词前面多一冠词:如:A chiid as he is, he knows a iot. (去掉 a )在表示时间的 “one/ this/ every + 名词”的时间状语前多一介词:如:on one day (去掉 on ) , on that evening (去掉 on ) , in every week (去掉 in)某些及物动词因混淆词义而多一介词或副词;如: raise up one s han去掉 up ) pick (摘)up

7、apples (去掉 up ) return back(回来)(去掉 back) repeat again (去掉 again) play with them in the match (去掉 with ) marry with the man (去掉 with ) serve for the people (去掉 for ) enter into the room (去掉 into ) I learn English every day to improve it better (去掉 better ).表示地点的副词前多一介词:如: go to there (去掉 to ) drive t

8、o home (去掉 to) return to home (去掉 to )某些动词、连词、介词或副词后面多了一个介词:如: because of his left leg was broken (去掉 of ) instead of he developed his love for the theatre (去掉 of ) I looked at but could see nothing. (去掉 at) join in the army (去掉 in )状语从句和主句间多一并列连词:如: Although he is very busy, but he often helps us w

9、ith housework. (去掉 but ) As the weather was good, so I decided to go there yesterday. (去掉 so)充当状语的分词和主句之间多了并列连词:如: Her husband died, and leaving her three children.(去掉 and ) He sat under the tree and reading a magazine. (去掉 and )作定语的分词前多一代词:如: The child who reading a book is her brother. (去掉 who)去掉

10、which ) How I regretted the hours which wasted in the woods.定语从句中多一代词:如: The film that I saw it yesterday is good.(去掉 it ) This is the very book that I am looking for it.(去掉 it ) He is the man we talked about him. (去掉 him )在 “连词 + 分词 ”结构中多一代词:如: While I waiting for a bus, I found a wallet lying on t

11、he ground.(去掉 waiting 前的 I ) If it heated, ice turns to water. (去掉 it )在某些固定结构中多了“to,”如: I would rather stay at home than to go to the cinema with you. (去掉第一个 to) Why not to take a holiday for a good rest? (去掉 to ) She said she would rather not to discuss it right now. (去掉 to ) You had better not to

12、 go there. (去掉 to ) I made them to do the cleaning. (去掉 to ) I had him to clean the room. (去掉 to ) We noticed him to walk out of the garden. (去掉 to ) I often hear her to sing the song. (去掉 to )2. 缺一词:表一类事物的单数可数名词前缺冠词:如:A/The A horse is a useful animal.单数可数名词前缺少表示 “一”的不定冠词,如: There is a A library in

13、every town in Britain. Good health is a A person s most valuable possession.特指名词前缺定冠词 the ,如: Have you read the A books by Mark Twain? The book on the A desk is mine.作状语的动词不定式缺“to,”如: David and I want to go off to A find help a nd other orga ni zati ons are worki ng to A improve health all over the

14、world.形容词最高级前缺定冠词 the ,如:one of theA earliest kinds of moneysuch 或 so 与单数名词连用时不可缺少冠词,如: This is such aA good book that I like it. He is so good a A student that all the teachers like him.姓氏复数形式(表示一家人或夫妇二人)前面缺一冠词,如:TheA Turners are watching TV.表示世纪的某个年代前面缺一冠词,如:In theA 1870s, when Marx was already in

15、 his fifties, he found it important to study the situation in Russia.表示 “一个名叫 的人 ”前缺一冠词,如:AA Miss Lee is waiting for you outside.“形容词比较级 + of the two 前”缺一冠词,如:He is theA taller of the two.某些固定短语中缺一冠词,如:in theA end, go to theA cinema, in theA daytime, on theA right抽象名词具体化时前面缺一冠词,如: The meeting held yesterday was a A success. It is a A famous Chinese tea. The experiment turned out to be a A failure.作定语的不定式后缺少必要的介词,如: He is looking for a r

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