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1、高考题型重组练(十二).阅读理解A2019长春市质量监测二 My wife and I were at a crowded grocery store not long ago. It was a weekday evening, cold and wet and tense. People were carelessly blocking aisles, complaining and cutting one another off with their carts. Things got worse at the checkout line. The cashier scanned a m
2、ans discount card, but he misread the savings on her screen as an additional charge. He decided she was acting deliberately and began to argue. “She is being spiteful (恶意的)！” he yelled. “This is unbelievable.” Other customers looked away as the cashier tried to reason with him. She called a manager,
3、 who accompanied the man to customer service. Shaken, she moved to the next customer in line. Weve all witnessed uncomfortable scenes like this in public places. The grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has eroded. But it was also a teachable moment on how we can rebuild our
4、faith starting with just one person. Back at the grocery store, my wife and I reached our uneasy cashier. I grabbed a bottle of water from a nearby cooler and handed it to her. “We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you，” I said. Her face lit up, and we talked as she
5、scanned our items. She told us she had been working that evening through severe foot pain and would be having surgery later that week. We wished her well in her recovery, and she thanked us as we left. Those are the balancing acts, the moments of responding social and emotional pain with healing, wh
6、ich will add up to restore trust among people. You can start that pattern in someone elses life, even in a place as ordinary as the neighborhood grocery store.体裁：夹叙夹议题材：个人经历主题：人与人之间信任感的缺失和重建【语篇解读】本文记叙了作者和妻子在一个杂货店中遇到了一位男士与收银员争吵，从而发觉人与人之间缺乏信任，而作者和妻子买水安慰收银员，以期重新建立人与人之间的信任。1Why did the man at the checko
7、ut line argue with the cashier?AThe cashier called a manager to help her.BSomeone jumped the queue waiting to check out.CThere was something wrong with his discount card.DHe believed the cashier charged him more on purpose.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“but he misread the savings on her screen as an addition
8、al charge. He decided she was acting deliberately and began to argue.”可知，他误把省下来的钱当成了额外的收费，他认为收银员是故意的，并和她吵了起来。也就是说，他认为收银员是故意多收他的钱。故选D项。2Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “eroded” in Paragraph 5?AChanged. BIncreased.CFaded. DFormed.答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Weve all witnessed un
9、comfortable scenes like this in public places. The grocery scene was another example of how our trust in others has eroded.”可知，我们都在公共场所目睹过这些不愉快的场面。而这些不愉快也说明了人与人之间缺乏信任，即彼此之间的信任削弱了。因此，erode与fade同义，意为“逐渐削弱；消失”。故选C项。3Why did the author buy a bottle of water for the cashier?AHe thought the cashier might
10、feel a little bit thirsty.BHe knew she had gone through much trouble recently.CHe wanted to restore the trust between her and the man.DHe wanted to comfort her after the terrible experience just now.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“We felt bad about how that man treated you and wanted to buy this for you”可知，
11、作者和妻子对于那个男人对待收银员的方式感到难过，因此给收银员买了一瓶水。由此可知，他们是想要安慰收银员。故选D项。4What is the last paragraph intended to do?AAdd a warning. BMake a suggestion.CIntroduce a topic. DPresent an argument.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。作者在最后一段呼吁人们行动起来，增强人与人之间的信任。因此，最后一段是作者对读者的建议。故选B项。B2019南昌二模 Robots are now being employed not just for dangerou
12、s tasks, such as discovering mines or rescuing people in disasters. They are also finding applications as household help and as nursing assistants. As increasing numbers of machines, equipped with the latest artificial intelligence, take on a growing variety of specialized and everyday tasks, the qu
13、estion of how people see them and behave towards them becomes ever more urgent. A team led by Sari Nijssen of Radboud University and Markus Paulus, Professor of Developmental Psychology at LudwigMaximiliansUniversitat (LMU), have carried out a study to determine the degree to which people show conce
14、rn for robots and behave towards them based on moral principles. According to Sari Nijssen, the study set out to answer the following question: “Under what circumstances would adults be willing to sacrifice robots to save human lives？” The participants were faced with a hypothetical (假设的) moral dile
15、mma: Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine. The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings, experiences and thoughts, w
