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1、论文题目：带隙基准源电路与版图设计摘 要 基准电压源具有相对较高的精度和稳定度，它的温度稳定性以及抗噪性能影响着整个系统的精度和性能。模拟电路使用基准源，或者是为了得到与电源无关的偏置，或者为了得到与温度无关的偏置，其性能好坏直接影响电路的性能稳定，可见基准源是子电路不可或缺的一部分，因此性能优良的基准源是一切电子系统设计最基本和最关键的要求之一，而集成电路版图是为了实现集成电路设计的输出。本文的主要目的是用BiCMOS工艺设计出基准源电路的版图并对其进行验证。本文首先介绍了基准电压源的背景发展趋势及研究意义，然后简单介绍了基准电压源电路的结构及工作原理。接着主要介绍了版图的设计，验证工具及对
2、设计的版图进行验证。本设计采用40V的0.5u BiCMOS工艺库设计并绘制版图。仿真结果表明，设计的基准电压源温度变化为-4085，输出电压为2.5V及1.25V。最后对用Diva验证工具对版图进行了DRC和LVS验证，并通过验证，表明本次设计的版图符合要求。关键字 ：BiCMOS，基准电压源，温度系数，版图 Subject: Research and Layout Design Of Bandgap ReferenceSpecialty: MicroelectronicsName: Zhong Ting (Signature)Instructor: Liu Shulin (Signatur
3、e)ABSTRACTThe reference voltage source with relatively high precision and stability, temperature stability and noise immunity affect the accuracy and performance of the entire system. Analog circuit using the reference source, or in order to get the bias has nothing to do with power, or in order to
4、be independent of temperature, bias, and its performance directly affects the performance and stability of the circuit shows that the reference source is an integral part of the sub-circuit, excellent reference source is the design of all electronic systems the most basic and critical requirements o
5、f one of the IC layout in order to achieve the output of integrated circuit design. The main purpose of this paper is the territory of the reference circuit and BiCMOS process to be verified.This paper first introduces the background of the trends and significance of the reference voltage source, an
6、d then briefly introduced the structure and working principle of the voltage reference circuit. Then introduces the layout design and verification tools to verify the design of the territory.This design uses a 40V 0.5u BiCMOS process database design and draw the layout.The simulation results show th
7、at the design of voltage reference temperature of -40 C 85 C, the output voltage of 2.5V and 1.25V. Finally, the Diva verification tool on the territory of the DRC and LVS verification, and validated, show that the territory of the design meet the requirements.Keywords: BiCMOS，band gap , temperature
8、 coefficient, layout目 录1 绪论11.1 背景介绍及发展趋势11.2 研究意义31.3 本文主要工作42 基准电压源电路设计52.1 基准电压源的分类及特点52.2 基准电压源的温度特性72.2.1 负温度系数项72.2.2 正温度系数电压72.3 基本原理82.3.1 与温度无关的电路82.3.2.与电源无关的偏置电路82.4 基准电压源电路设计92.4.1 基本原理92.4.2 运放的设计102.4.3 带隙核心电路设计142.5 仿真分析153 版图设计1931 版图设计的基础193.1.1 集成电路版图设计与掩膜版、制造工艺的关系193.1.2 版图设计的设计规则
9、203.1.3 版图通用设计步骤233.2工艺介绍253.2.1 常见工艺简介253.2.2BiCMOS工艺263.3 带隙基准电路的版图设计283.3.1版图的分层及连接283.3.2 版图设计环境介绍293.3.3 器件及总体版图304 版 图 验 证394.1 版图验证概述394.2 验证工具介绍404.2.1 Cadence概述404.2.2 Diva使用介绍414.3 版图的DRC验证454.4 版图的LVS验证455总结47致 谢48参考文献49electricity at no cost, revenue from electricity sales. Poverty allev
10、iation to the removal, to desperate farmers out of poverty, in conjunction with urbanization, new communities are centrally placed. Poverty in the enterprise, enterprise more powerful, more social responsibility, they should allow more people to enjoy the fruits of development. Conditions to encoura
11、ge private enterprises to establish Charity Fund for poverty alleviation, employment, grants, financial aid and other forms of poverty alleviation activities, let poverty alleviation aid corporate social responsibility in the specific embodiment, the proper meaning of giving back to the community. F
12、inally reveals to implement poverty alleviation policies, older age, incapacity, cannot be achieved through industry support and employment support, such as poverty, children and unable to support the poor, Lo-Fi policy reveals the role to play, eventually incorporated into the low range, and fundam
13、entally solve the problem of poverty. (C) establishing and perfecting retreat mechanism. Poverty alleviation is a dynamic project, we must strengthen the farmers information management, dynamic management of poor, really poor no place to hide, poverty a timely exit, poor and return to the poor get m
14、aximum support and help. To build up the information network system of the poor, poverty the basic information and dynamic entry to the system, to implement dynamic management. According to pro-poor development, timely adjustment onI1 绪论1.1 背景介绍及发展趋势基准源是模拟与数字系统中的核心模块之一，它被广泛应用于动态存储（DRAM）、闪存（flash mem
15、ory）以及其他模拟器件中。其实现方式有电压基准和电流基准。基准电压源是模数转换器(ADC)、数模转换器(DAC)、线性稳压器和开关稳压器、温度传感器、充电电池保护芯片和通信电路等电路中不可缺少的部分，基准电流源主要作为高性能运算放大器等器件或电路的偏置，也可用于LVDS驱动器和Viterbi解码器。基准源需要有稳定的工艺、电压和温度系数，并且不需要随着制造工艺的改变而改变。带隙基准参考源通常是模拟和混合信号处理系统中重要的组成模块，它用来提供高稳定的参考电平和参考电压，对系统的性能起着至关重要的作用。传统的带隙基准电路利用双极型晶体管的基极发射极电压Vm的负温度系数和不同电流密度下两个双极型晶体管基极发射极电压的差值的正温度系数相互补偿，使输出电压达到很低的温度漂移。但实际设计电路中由于运放的失调电压对Vm的影响，Vm与温度的非线性关系，使传统的带隙基准电路在温度系数、功耗、PSRR等方面无法达到现今集成电路设计的要求。随着现代如今，带隙基准源在AD/DA、电源芯片、锁相环、高精度的电压表、电流表、欧姆表等领域有着很广泛的应用。微电子技术和通信技术的发展，集成电路已进入超深亚微米时代
