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1、2022年考博英语-清华大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题The building collapsed because its foundation was not strong enough to（ ）the weight of the building.问题1选项A.subsideB.idealizeC.initiateD.sustain【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。Subside 平息，减退；idealize 使理想化；initiate开始，发起；sustain 支撑，支持。句意: 根据句中collapsed判定空格应填入与strong同向的词。选项中，sustain 支
2、撑，支持。句意：建筑物倒塌因为地基不够牢固，无法（ ）它的重量。选项D符合句意。2. 单选题The industry has pumped（ ）amounts of money into political campaigns，making it less and less likely that politicians will deal with the issue sensibly.问题1选项A.potentialB.substantialC.massiveD.traditional【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析。potential 潜在的，有潜力的；substantial 大量的；客观的
3、；massive 大而重的，大块的；traditional 传统的。此处substantial形容amounts of money （很大一笔钱）。3. 单选题These samples have to be（ ）in certain kind of chemical water in order to protect them.问题1选项A.immersedB.crispedC.armoredD.arrayed【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。Immerse浸没, 陷入； crisp 变脆,卷曲；armor 为穿盔甲；为提供防御；array 部署，排列。句意:这些样品必须 在某种化学水中。选项
4、A符合句意。4. 单选题I cant remember exactly what triggered the explosion but it was pretty（ ）.问题1选项A.estimatingB.devastatingC.reprocessingD.preferring【答案】B【解析】estimating 估计；devastating 毁灭性的；reprocessing 再生，（核燃料的）回收；preferring 更喜欢。句意: 我记不清是什么引起了爆炸, 非常 。B项符合句意。5. 单选题The terrorist attacks in London Thursday se
5、rved as a jarring reminder that in todays world, you never know what you might see when you pick up the newspaper or turn on the TV. Disturbing images of terror can trigger a visceral response no matter how close or far away from home the event happened.Throughout history, every military conflict ha
6、s involved psychological warfare in one way or another as the enemy sought to break the morale of their opponent. But thanks to advances in technology, the popularity of the Internet, and proliferation of news coverage, the rules of engagement in this type of mental battle have changed.Whether its a
7、 massive attack or a single horrific act, the effects of psychological warfare arent limited to the physical damage inflicted. Instead, the goal of these attacks is to instill a sense of fear that is much greater than the actual threat itself.Therefore, the impact of psychological terror depends lar
8、gely on how the acts are publicized and interpreted. But that also means there are ways to defend yourself and your loved ones by putting these fears into perspective and protecting your children from horrific images.What Is Psychological Terror? The use of terrorism as a tactic is predicated upon i
9、nducing a climate of fear that is incommensurate with the actual threaten, says Middle Eastern historian Richard Bulliet of Columbia University. “Every time you have an act of violence, publicizing that violence becomes an important part of the act itself.”“There are various ways to have your impact
10、. You can have your impact by the magnitude of what you do, by the symbolic character of target, or the horrific quality of what you do to a single person ” Bulliet tells WebMD. “The point is that it isnt what you do, but its how its covered that determines the effect.” For example, Bulliet says the
11、 Iranian hostage crisis, which began in 1979 and lasted for 444 days, was actually one of the most harmless things that happened in the Middle East in the last 25 years. All of the U. S. hostages were eventually released unharmed，but the event remains a psychological scar for many Americans who watc
12、hed helplessly as each evenings newscast counted the days the hostages were being held captive.Bulliet says terrorists frequently exploit images of a group of masked individuals exerting total power over their captives to send the message that the act is a collective demonstration of the groups powe
13、r rather than an individual criminal act. “You dont have the notion that a certain person has taken a hostage. Its an image of group power, and the force becomes generalized rather than personalized,” says Bulliet. “ The randomness and the ubiquity of the threat give the impression of vastly greater
14、 capacities. Psychiatrist Ansar Haroun, who served in the U. S. Army Reserves in the first Gulf War and more recently in Afghanistan, says that terrorist groups often resort to psychological warfare because its the only tactic they have available to them. “They dont have M-16s, and we have M-16s. Th
15、ey dont have the mighty military power that we have, and they only have access to things like kidnapping, says Haroun, who is also a clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego.“In psychological warfare, even one beheading can have the psychological impact that might be associated with killing 1,000 of the enemy, Haroun tells WebM D. “You havent really harmed the enemy very much by killing one person on the other side. But in terms of inspiring fear, anxiety, terror, and making us all feel bad, youve achieved a lot of demoralization.
