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1、一、 什么是主语？主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物什么可以做主语？名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、名词化的形容词、短语、从句。名词作主语David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达The temperature will stay above zero.温度将会保持0度以上。There are many different kinds of mooncakes.有许多种月饼。There will be a strong wind.将有一阵强风。代词作主语 Who is speaking, please? （在电话中）请问您是谁？ He often reads English
2、.他经常读英语。(简单句)Tom and Mike are American boys.（两个主语的简单句）She likes drawing and often draws pictures for me.（两个谓语的简单句）You help him and he helps you.（并列句） I like tea while she likes coffee. (.转折并列句)She looks young, but she is already in her 30s.（转折并列句）Hurry up, or youll be late.（选择并列句）I am thirsty , for
3、it is hot. 我口渴，因为天气太热。（因果关系并列句）The manager was ill so I went in her place.经理病了，所以我去代她。（因果关系并列句）That is OK. 这没问题。 It is a young forest.它是一片年轻的森林。I do not know if it will grow.我不知道它是否会生长。 That is a bit expensive.那是有一点贵。You had better buy a new pair.你最好买一双新的。 Whats this ? Its a bus. (指代what)Whos knocki
4、ng the door? Its me. (指代 who)Whos the baby in the picture? Its my sister. (指代 who)Whats the time? Its eight oclock. (时间)Whats it going to be tomorrow? Its going to be rainy.(天气)How far is it? Its about one kilometre away. (距离)数词作主语 Two will be enough. 两个就够了。 One and two is three.一加二等于三。One is not en
5、ough for me. I want one more.一个不够对于我，我想再要一个。 Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。动名词作主语 Skating is good exercise. 溜冰是很好的运动。 Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time. 从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。 不定式作主语 To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work. 把理想转变成现实需要辛勤
6、的劳动。推荐精选To give is better than to receive =It is better to give.给予比获取好。To get to sleep is difficult.=It is difficult to get to sleep.入睡困难。To see you again is glad.=It is glad to see you again.很高兴再次见到你。To see was difficult.=It was difficult to see.难于看见。To swim in summer is good.=It is good to swim in
7、 summer.夏天游泳很好。名词化的形容词作主语 The unemployed usually lead a hard life. 失业的人生活一般很困难。 The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country. 在我们国家，盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。 短语作主语 How to do well is an important question. 如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. 早睡早起身体好。 主语从句作主语 ，相当于一个名词
8、。What has happened proves that our policy is right. 发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。 Whether well go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要看天气。 二、什么是谓语？谓语部分,是针对主语而言的。通常用来描述主语的动作、状态或特征。简单谓语由一个动词（及物动词或者不及物动词）或短语动词构成的谓语,就是简单谓语。不管这些谓语动词是什么时态,语态,语气,都是简单谓语。助动词有am, is , are, was, were, be, been, being, did ,do ,does, have, has ,
9、had, will, would, shall, should.短语动词（不及物动词+介词） go to 去 come to 来 look like 看起来像 look after照顾We come （不及物动词）我们来了 (一般现在时态主动语态) My pet disappeared。（不及物动词）我的宠物失踪了。(一般过去时主动语态)The sun rises.（不及物动词） 太阳升起来了。(一般现在时态主动语态) The door opened.（不及物动词） 门开了。(一般过去时主动语态)The plane took off（不及物动词） at seven oclock. 飞机已在7点
10、起飞.(一般过去时主动语态)Jack was seen to swim across the river. 有人看到杰克游过河了.（一般过去时态被动时态)Westudy（及物动词）English. 我们学习英语。 (一般现在时态主动语态) I like（及物动词） flowers.我喜欢花。(一般现在时态主动语态) 推荐精选She has（及物动词） a book. 她有一本书。(一般现在时态主动语态) She hates（及物动词） you. 她讨厌你。(一般现在时态主动语态) My sister cooked（及物动词） dinner. 我妹妹煮饭。(一般过去时主动语态)We plant（
11、及物动词） trees in spring every year. 我们每年春天都种许多树.There sat （不及物动词）a scientist among the students. 学生中间坐着一个科学家。There lies （不及物动词）a big river between the two towns. 这两个村庄之间有一条河。We are coming.（一般现在进行时）我们正在来，我们将要来。She is leaving.（一般现在进行时)她正要离开。You are learning English.（一般现在进行时）你正在学习英语。It is done by me. （一般
12、现在被动时态) 我做的它。You are to explain this.(命令的语态）.你必须解释这事。He is to go to New York next week.(一般将来时态） 他下周要去纽约。I made your birthday cake last night. (一般过去时主动语态)What does this word mean? 这个单词是什么意思？ You had better catch a bus. 你最好乘坐公交车。I do not like bananas.我不喜欢香蕉。 I do like bananas.我真的确实喜欢香蕉。I go to his hom
13、e.我去他的家。 He looks like thin.他看起来是瘦的。He looks after me .他照顾我。 He comes to our school.他来我们的学校。The train is going up the hill.火车正在上山。 The train is going down the hill.火车正在下山。2、复合谓语： 情态动词+不带to的动词不定式。情态动词有can, could, may, might, must, have to , shall, should, will, would, dare, need, ought to, used to，ha
14、d better,would rather,I wont do it again.。我不会再做它 I will go and move away the bag。我会移走这个袋子的。This cant be done by him.他不可能做这事。 It must have rained last night.昨晚一定下雨了。He may not have finished the work.他可能没有完成工作。 He dared not do that 他不敢做那事。推荐精选I would rather have taken his advice.我宁愿已经听取了他的意见。复合谓语：连系动词
15、+表语。连系动词和表语在意思上紧密联系，不宜分割。系动词有 am, is , are, was, were.名词作表语 This is a book. 这是一本书。 She is a doctor. 她是一个医生。数词作表语 You are seven. 你是七岁。 Two and three is five.二加三是五。形容词作表语 She is beautiful.她是漂亮的 He is clever.他是聪明的 I feel good 我感觉好I am feeling good.我现在感觉好 You look the same. 你(们)看起来一样.The weather has turned cold. 天气已经变冷了. 副词作表语 You are there.你是在那儿。 She is out.
