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1、2022年考博英语-燕山大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Id _ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.问题1选项A.make up forB.make outC.take into accountD.account for【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项make up for“弥补”；B选项make out“理解；竭力说”；C
2、选项take into account“考虑”；D选项account for“解释；导致”。句意：我会_他在其他农民和企业家中的声誉，然后决定是否批准贷款。根据语境，这里指以声誉作为参考条件，C选项take into account“考虑”符合题意。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题He has a bad impression of his _ in the office.问题1选项A.barbersB.audienceC.colleaguesD.bullets【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查定语从句。A选项barbers“理发师；理发店”；B选项audience“观众；听众；读者”；C选项co
3、lleagues“同事”；D选项bullets“子弹”。句意：他对办公室里的_印象很差。根据语境，办公室里的是同事，C选项colleagues“同事”符合题意。因此C选项正确。3. 单选题That is a _ point of view. I dont agree with you.问题1选项A.crystalB.proteinC.unionD.conservative【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项crystal“水晶”；B选项protein“蛋白质的”；C选项union“联合”；D选项conservative“保守的”。句意：这观点很_。我不同意你的看法。根据语境，D选
4、项conservative“保守的”搭配point of view比较合理，意思指这个观点非常保守，符合题意。因此D选项正确。4. 翻译题Parents of wailing babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents attention
5、. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.(1) Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. “It may point researchers in the right direction to find the causes of excessive cryi
6、ng,” said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disneys Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their pare
7、nts, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes.Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. (2) But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier childre
8、n, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. (3) Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore fav
9、or so-called honest advertisements.Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment.The babies of rhesus macaque monke
10、ys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean (断奶) them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.“Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries,” said Dario Maestripieri, a
11、primatologist at the University of Chicago, (4) “But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses.”Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent
12、more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. “Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop,” Bard said. “Ive never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable.”Maestripieri and other researchers say thes
13、e evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. “All primate infants cry,” Maestripieri said. (5) “Its a very conserved behavior. Its not something humans have evolved on their own.”【答案】1. 有一天，也许这个答案会解开人类婴儿哭泣之谜。2. 但说到基因方面的原因，你可能会认为自然选择会倾向于吵闹的孩子的基因，因为他们会得到更多的关注。3. 因此，有的进化生物学家提出，
14、自然选择会倾向于所谓的诚实宣传。4. 但随着叫声越来越多，母亲的反应也越来越少，因为她们开始怀疑哭声的真实性。所以婴儿的嗷叫随之变少。5. “这是一种非常保守的行为。这不是人类自己进化出来的。”5. 单选题He _ to his roommate for being so rude yesterday.问题1选项A.apologizedB.dissolvedC.worriedD.doubted【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项apologized“道歉”；B选项dissolved“溶解；解散（(组织或机构)”；C选项worried“担心”；D选项doubted“怀疑”。句意：他
15、昨天太粗鲁了，所以向室友_。根据语境，因为粗鲁而道歉比较合理，A选项apologized“道歉”符合题意。因此A选项正确。6. 单选题I didnt know where to send this _ letter.问题1选项A.registeredB.maidC.mailD.male【答案】A【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项registered“（信或包裹）挂号的”；B选项maid“女仆”；C选项mail“邮件，信件”；D选项male“男性的”。句意：我不知道该把这封_信寄到哪里。根据语境，这里指的是寄信，横线处修饰letter，A选项registered“（信或包裹）挂号的”符合题意。因此A选项正确。7. 单选题It was courageous enough for Galileo to _ the falling object theory developed by Aristotle, the authoritative Greek scientist.问题1选项A.advanceB.defy
