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1、2022年考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题It is necessary for the valuable species to（ ）itself in order to stay in existence.问题1选项A.inferB.propagateC.injectD.jerk【答案】B【解析】动词辨析。句意：为了能够使珍稀物种生存， 必须进行。infer 推论；propagate 繁殖；inject 注射；jerk 猛拉。因此，B项符合句意。2. 单选题We（ ）a figure of a man clinging to the mast of t
2、he ship.问题1选项A.discernedB.dispatchedC.dissipatedD.diminished【答案】A【解析】动词辨析。句意：我们（ ）那个倚靠在船桅杆的人。discerned 认出，识别；dispatched 派遣，分派；dissipated 驱散，放荡；diminished 减少，缩小。因此，A项符合句意。3. 单选题In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the（ ）concern of state gov-ernments.问题1选项A.extinctB.excludin
3、gC.excessiveD.exclusive【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析。句意：一般来说，国家边境问题是政府 关心的问题。extinct灭绝的；excluding除外，不包括；excessive过度的，过分的；exclusive独有的，专一的。D项exclusive独有的，专一的符合句意，在这里表示“专门的，特别的”。4. 单选题Enthusiasts from around the world（ ）on Le Mans for the annual car race.问题1选项A.coverageB.idiotC.consumeD.converge【答案】D【解析】句意：来自世界各地的狂热
4、分子，因为年度赛车比赛（ ） 勒芒。coverage范围，规模；idiot白痴；consume消耗，挥霍；converge集合，汇聚。因此，D项符合句意。5. 单选题The long-term fortunes of the modern economy depend in part on the strength and sustainability of the family, both in relation to fertility trends and to marriage trends. This basic, but often over-looked ,principle i
5、s now at work in the current global economic crisis.The decline of marriage and fertility is one factor in the global economic crisis. That is, one reason that some of the worlds leading economies from Japan to Italy to Spain to the euro zone as a whole are facing fiscal challenges is that their fer
6、tility rates have been below replacement levels (2. 1 children per woman) for decades. Persistent sub-replacement fertility eventually translates into fewer workers relative to retirees, which puts tremendous strains on public coffers and the economy as a whole. Indeed, one recent study finds that a
7、lmost half of the recent run-up in public debt in the West can be attributed to rapid aging over the last two decades.Even China may see its sky-high growth come down to earth in the next few decades as its work force shrinks” because of its one-child policy, as Carlos Gavalle and I argued in a rece
8、nt report, The Sustainable Demographic Dividend. By contrast, a recent Rand study suggests that India will have more favorable demographics than China” over the next few decades, insofar as its work force is poised to grow. In fact, the Rand study suggests that India may be able to use this demograp
9、hic ad- vantage to outpace Chinas economic growth rates by the end of the century.Finally, its not just fertility that matters; its also marriage. At least in the West, children are more likely to acquire the human and social capital they need to thrive in the modern economy when they are raised in
10、an intact, married family in the U. S. , for instance, children are more likely to graduate from high school, complete college and be gainfully employed as young adults if they were raised in an intact, married family.And around the globe, men are more likely to give their work their fullest effort
11、and attentionwhen they are married； this is one reason men worldwide enjoy “marriage premiums” in their in- come, ranging from about 14 percent (Mexico) to 19 percent ( United States) to 35 percent (Rus- sia) .So, at least when it comes to men，research suggests that marriage has important implicatio
12、ns for worker productivity.The bottom-line message is that what happens in the home does not stay at home; rather, the size of families，and their stability and quality，has important implications for the health of the global e- conomy.1.The main idea of this passage is that（） .2.One reason that the w
13、orlds leading economies are facing fiscal challenges is that（） .3.“.its work force is poised to grow”(Para. 3) probably means （ ）4.From the passage we know that （ ）5.According to the passage, all the following can affect economy EXCEPT （ ）问题1选项A.women should bear more children in order to boost the
14、economyB.both marriage and fertility affect a countrys economyC.marriage has important implications for worker productivityD.India will outpace Chinas economic growth rate by the end of the century问题2选项A.there is a global economic crisis in recent yearsB.there are fewer babies, and consequently, peo
15、ple spend less on many commoditiesC.people in these countries have fewer children than needed to replace the population for many yearsD.there are tremendous strains on public coffers and the economy as a whole问题3选项A.its work force pauses to growB.its work force continues to grow fastC.its work force continues to grow steadilyD.its work force grows slowly问题4选项A.children from an intact, married family are more likely to have a better lifeB.the more people a country h
