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1、Unit 9 When was it invented？（Section A）一语法：被动语态1.被动语态的时态: 被动语态的时态通过be的变化来体现，它必须与主语的人称、数一致。以下是几种常用的被动语态:(1)一般现在时的被动语态: am / is / are + 动词的过去分词。Eg：This book in two languages.这本书是用两种语言写的.(2)现在进行时的被动语态: am / is /are + being + 动词的过去分词。Eg: A school is by the workers now.工人们正在建一所学校.(3) 一般将来时的被动语态: will / b
2、e going to + be + 动词的过去分词.Eg: The project will next month.这项工程下个月就完工.(4) 现在完成时的被动语态: have / has + been + 动词的过去分词.Eg: My homework .我的作业以完成了.(5) 一般过去时的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词.Eg: The classroom three days ago. 教室是三天前被打扫的.(6) 含有情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词 +be +动词的过去分词.The classroom every day.教室应该每天都被打扫.2.被动语态的否定
3、句和疑问句:（1）否定句的构成：必须在第一个助动词后加not。Eg：His homework finished. 他的作业还没有完成。（2）疑问句的构成：将第一个助动词置于主语之前。Eg：When the bridge ？这座桥是何时建的？3、主动语态变被动语态的方法:（1） 把主动语态变的宾语作为被动语态的主语（2） 主动语态的谓语改成be + 过去分词的形式，作为被动语态的谓语，be随着主语以及时态的变化而变化。（3） 主动语态的主语变为by的宾语，有时可以省略。4、被动语态的注意方法:（1） 在主动句中动词make，let，have，see，hear，feel，watch，find no
4、tice等后接不定式作宾补时，动词不定式都要去掉to,但变被动语态时,后面的不定式须加to.make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth. eg: The man made the boy _ his homework. The boy was made_ _ his homework.hear sb. do sth. sb. be heard to do sth. eg: I often hear him_ in the next room. He is often heard _ _in the next room. (2) 主动语态中若有双宾语,变为被动语
5、态时,只将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变.一般情况下,往往把表示人的宾语变为被动句的主语，而把直接宾语（物）留作被动句的宾语。如果把主动句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语，则间接宾语常须有介词（一般是for或to）eg： My mother bought me a bike. 其被动句为: I was bought a bike by my mother. = A bike was bought for me by my mother.(3)有些词如系动词taste, feel, look, smell, sound 等,以及 sell 作 “销量(好坏)”讲时常用主动语态表达被动的意
6、思.Eg: This song sounds gentle. 这首歌听起来轻柔. Many kinds of books sell well. 许多种类的书销量不错.(4)有些词,如happen=take place “发生,” belong to “属于,”没有变动语态.Eg: The necklace belongs to me. 这个项链属于我. 被动语态专项练习一、选择题( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build( )2.An ac
7、cident _ on this road last week. A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened( )3.Cotton （棉花）_ in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )4.So far,the moon _ by man already. A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese h
8、istory _ in th school hall next week. A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives( )6.How many trees _ this year? A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done(
9、 )8.Neither of them _ in China. A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made( )9.Look! A nice picture _ for our teacher. A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws( )10.Your shoes _. You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn( )11.The doctor _ for yet. A.isnt sent B.h
10、asnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent( )12.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used( )13.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known( )14.I _ in summer. A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born( )15.He says tha
11、t Mr Zhang _ to the factory next week. A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent( )16.Who _ this book _? A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written( )17.Mary _ show me her new dictionary. A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to( )18.A story _ by Granny yesterday.
12、 A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us( )19.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump( )20.The school bag _ behind the chair. A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put( )21.Older people _ well. A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.l
13、ooked after( )22.Our teacher _ carefully. A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened二、 用动词的正确语态填空。（综合运用）1. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.2. That play _(put) on again sometime next month.3. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.5. What _ a knife _ (make) of? It _(make) of metal and wood.6. A Piano concert _(give) here last Friday.7. _ the magazine _(can take) out of the library?8. The room _ (clean) by me every day.9. The stars _ (can see) in the day
